Study On The Problems And Countermeasures Of Emissions Trading Implementation

Emissions trading is an economic mean to solve environmental problems. Its essence, which is under the premise of pollutant emission control, using market mechanisms and the particularities of environmental resources, to achieve the total pollutant reduction, more effective configuration of environmental recourses and reduction of social costs of pollution. Since the 80’s of last century, emissions trading as a new type market mechanism of environmental protection, have been favored by many countries. Chongqing launched emission trading pilot project in 2009, and fully implemented the compensation for using and trading of emission rights in 2015. In the pilot work, system design and post-regulation problems gradually exposed, that is worthy of attention and study for government departments and scholars.This paper systematically combined and analyzed academic researches related to emissions trading at home and abroad, and established an entry point for research related issues of emissions trading. In terms of the theoretical basis of emissions trading, using historical data and literature, this article draw on the United States and other domestic successful experience of pilot cities, and analyzed the design of the mature emissions trading system and its key issues must be solved in the post-execution. Then, to solve these problems, compared with the partial success in other cities, this paper focused on system design, accounting methods, post-supervision and other aspects of the problem in the Chongqing stage of emissions trading implementation.The analysis results that, there are eight major issues in the implementation stage of emission trading in Chongqing, which are the legal status of compensation for the use of emission rights is not clear, the initial allocation of emission rights is not directly linked to total control, allocation method of emission rights is unscientific, initial base price of emission rights is low, standard of measurement methods of emission rights is unscientific, pollution permits are not completely covered, information disclosure of emissions trading market is not enough, and the emissions trading market regulations are too many.By contrast to other successful cases, to solve these problems, the author believes that the emission rights system could be improved from seven aspects, which are speeding up the development of national laws or local regulations, further rationalizing the relationship among the compensation of emission rights, trading system and total control policy, more scientific accounting of initial emission rights, more strict emission monitoring system and data quality control, strengthen supervision punishment, reduction of the government intervention in emissions trading, and improvement of the information to be fully disclosed. Those will promote compensation for the use and trading of emission rights in-depth implementation in Chongqing.