Dyeing Of Protein Fibers With Microbial

In this paper, silk and wool fabric was dyed with the Aspergillus niger spores powder and Trichoderma viride, in which the tedious pigment extraction process was eliminated. The effects of culture medium components and dyeing conditions on dyeing properties were investigated. It provided a theoretical basis for the application of microbial pigments in the field of textile dyeing.The Aspergillus niger spores powder was applied in dyeing of silk and wool. The effects of carbon source and nitrogen source, dyeing temperature, pH value, dyeing time and the dosage of Aspergillus niger spores on dyeing properties of silk and wool fabric were investigated. The leveling property, dyeing penetration, color fastnesses of the dyed fabrics were also studied.The results showed that, The addition of suitable carbon source and nitrogen source was helpful to improve the K/S of dyed fabrics, the best mass concentration was 3g/L and 5g/L, respectively; within a certain range, the K/S values of dyed fabrics increased with the increase of dyeing temperature, pH value or dyeing time; The leveling property and dyeing penetration of dyed fabric were relatively good. It was found that better color depth and good fastness of dyed fabric could be obtained under the optimal dyeing process, pH=7, T= 30℃,t= 24 h.Secondly, the fermentation of making yellow pigments from Trichoderma viride was studied. In order to observe their growth and the ability in producing yellow pigments, the Trichoderma viride was grown on a potato dextrose culture medium. The effect of process parameters of producing yellow pigments such as carbon source and nitrogen source, p H, culture temperature and culture time have been studied and the conditions were optimized. The results showed that, Trichoderma viride was grew well and able to produce the water-soluble yellow pigment on potato dextrose medium. In the UV-Vis absorption spectra of the yellow pigments, the maximum absorption wavelength was observed at 390 nm. The yellow pigments production was affected by Medium composition and culture conditions. It was found that more yellow pigments could be obtained under the optimal Medium composition, 35g/L glucose, 7g/L urea, Na2HPO4 3g/L, 2g/L MgSO4·7H2O. The optimal culture conditions was as follow: inoculum 4%(v/v), initial pH = 6, T=30℃, t=3d.Finally, the effects of p H, temperature and metal ions on the stability of the yellow pigments from Trichoderma viride were further studied. The effect of process parameters of dyeing such as dyeing method, pH, dyeing temperature and the dosage of mordants were discussed and the color fastnesses to washing and rubbing of the yellow pigments in silk and wool fabric were also investigated. The results showed that, the acid-base stability of the yellow pigments from Trichoderma viride is good, but the thermal stability is poor. Fe2+, Fe3+ and Cu2+ had a greater impact on the stability of the yellow pigments. To obtain better color depth and good fastness of dyed fabric, the optimal dyeing process was as follow, pH=4, T=70℃ for silk fabric and T= 80℃ for wool fabric. For mordant dyeing with praseodymium chloride and mixed rare earth, the best dyeing method for silk fabric and wool fabric was simultaneous mordanting method and pre-mordanting method, respectively. The optimum mass concentration of praseodymium chloride was 1.5g/L and the best mass concentration of mixed rare earth mordant was 1g/L.