The Research Of Huainan Mining Area Ecological Environment Comprehensive Evaluation

Coal, one of the important energy in our country, occupies very important position in the energy structure of our country. In recent years, the deterioration of geological environment in coal mining area is more and more serious with the development of coal resources. Therefore, it is needed to take scientific and effective evaluation on the ecological environment to make sure an effective environmental protection.This paper takes Huainan mining area as an example, in this article, the environmental information of the Huainan mining area in 1986,1999 and 2012 was obtained by using remote sensing technology and referring to the statistical data. According to the relative standards and requirements of 《 Technical Criterion for Ecosystem Status Evaluation》 (HJ/T192-2015), the evaluation index of ecological environment was established to take, the evaluation system was established to take, Constructing the evaluation model of ecological environment in mining area, an ecological environment evaluation for Huainan mining area. In addition the comprehensive improvement measures of ecological environment in mining area were proposed.The main results of this paper are as follows:(1) Based on the data analysis of the variation of both land cover types and soil and water loss area in Huainan mining area, the results showed that there was no changes in the rural residential area and high coverage grassland in Huainan mining area. The area of cultivated land decreased While the area of urban land, water area and forest land area increased constantly; As a whole, the total amount of soil and water loss presented the trend of decrasing year by year from 1986 to 2012.(2) The biological richness index, vegetation coverage index, water network density index, land stress index and pollution load index was choosed as the evaluation index of ecological environment and the weight of each index was calculated to de respectively 0.60,0.23,0.04,0.04, and 0.09 by using the improved analytic hierarchy methods. The ecological quality evaluation model of mining area was established as follows:EI=0.60×EbiO+0.23×Eveg+0.04×Ewde+0.04×(100-Eero)+0.09×(100-Epot)(3) With the comprehensive evaluation for ecological environment quality of Huainan mining area in different years, the evaluation results to 1986,1999 and 2012 were divided as the "best" and "good", respectively. The change range of El between 1986 and 2012 was-5.59, which indicates the ecological environment condition became significantly worse. On the basis of comprehensive evaluation of Huainan mining area, the ecological measures of reclaimed restoration were proposed as well as the comprehensive improvement measures of ecological environment in mining area.In this paper, the ecological environment evaluation of Huainan mining area provided a scientific basis for its sustainable development, and further provided theoretical basis for ecological assessment and ecological restoration of other mining areas.