Study On Spatial And Temporal Variation Of Air Pollution In The City Areas Of Shandong Province

With the fast promotion of industrialization and urbanization,the social business operation activities and city ecological environmental pressures are growing. A series of phenomena such as unreasonable energy structure distribution, chemical enterprise pollution source emission and vehicle exhaust pollution arise at the right moment. Atmospheric pollution resources and air pollutant in urban area are increasing, which leads to more natiowide haze days and a sharp rise in the number of patients with respiratory disease. Air pollution is on the acceleration to restrict the sustainable development of cities. Air quality concerns human welfare, great attention to air pollution has been caused from the whole society. Researching on air quality is helpful for a comprehensive understanding of air pollution status, analyzing the formation mechanism of atmospheric pollution deeply, it will provide feasible countermeasures to perfect the city air quality.This paper takes 17 cities in Shandong province as the research object, and makes the common air pollutants concentration (daily average concentrations of PM2.5. PM10, SO2、CO2、 CO、O3 from December 2013 to November 2015) as the data foundation, the main research contents and results are as follows:First, according to analyse the change rules of primary pollutants in 17 cities, we know that PM2.5 PM10、O3 have higher proportion in primary pollutants and is crucial to air pollution. So PM2.5. PM10、O3 are determined to be the air quality evaluation indexes.Second, based on the AQI average of 17 cities in shandong province, we investigate the characteristics of air quality in urban cities. We get to know that the space differences are significant among the cities. The AQI values gradually decrease from western inland cities to eastern coastal cities and the air quality is becoming better. The seasonal change rule is that the lowest AQI value appears in summer, the highest AQI value appears in winter and there is minor difference between spring and autumn.Thirdly, based on AQI values of 17 cities, using the system clustering method, we finally divide the cities into 6 classes. Using the one-way analysis of variance to verify the classification result, we get to know the classification result is reasonable. The air quality rank from superior to inferior is the eastern coastal city of class 1, eastern coastal city of class 2, northern region, southern region, central, western region.Fourthly, studying the distribution characteristics of PM2.5、PM10、O3 in 6 class cities, we get the conclusion, PM2.5 and PM10 concentration rank from high to low is western region, central region, southern region, northern region, the eastern coastal cities of class 2, the eastern coastal cities of class 1. O3 concentration rank from high to low is the eastern coastal cities of class 1. northern region, central region.the eastern coastal cities of class 2, southern region, western region. Temporal distribution is that the seasonal features of PM2.5 and PM10 are similar to AQI. The higher concentration turn up in winter, the lower value turn up in summer and there is minor difference spring and autumn. The higher values of PM2.5 and PM10 mainly appear in December, January, February and march, the lower concentrations mainly appear in the June, July, August and September. Seasonal concentration curve of O3 in 6 class cities presents "M". The higher concentration present from May to August, the valley value arise from December to February of next year. In conclusion, the air quality in Shandong Province is better in 2015 than in 2014.Fifthly, on the basis of studying the space-time change regularity of air pollution in cities of shandong province, we investigate the influence factors of the urban air quality. Finally, we get to know that the major meteorological factors affecting the concentrations of PM2.5, PM10 and O3 are average temperature and air pressure. In addition, meteorological factors, geographical location, industrial structure automotive exhaust emission and winter heating are also the key factors that affect urban air quality.