Research On The Effect Of Gas Field Development Project To The Ecological Environment

Good ecological environment is the basis of human and creatures to survive and develop. In recent years, with the growth of the world population and global, regional economic development, in particular the strengthening of human activities, the expansion of the active area, making natural ecosystems more and more influenced by the interference of human behavior. Environmental degradation, natural disasters increased, has seriously affected the smooth development of the human society. Oil and gas resources are important lifeline of the national economy, which are widely used in various aspects of human society, and its exploration and development has a huge economic and social benefits. But it will also have a certain impact and destruction on the surrounding ecological environment. Therefore, comprehensive and systematic study of the impact on the ecological environment of the gas field development, and to propose practical ecological protection measures in order to ease the contradiction between resource development and ecological environment of the region, has important practical significance.In this study, taking Xuanhan and Kaixian gas block project for example, a comprehensive summary and analysis of the ecological impact of the gas field development on woodland ecosystems, agricultural ecosystems, aquatic ecosystems, soil and land use and soil erosion has been got by a combination of field survey and remote sensing survey. And the combination of analog and formula predicted soil erosion. Finally, according to the impact of the ecological state of the environment of the study area and eco-environmental impact generated by the project construction, protection measures and recommendations are put forward.Major progress achieved in this study is as follows.The main impact of the gas field development on woodland ecosystem:In the forest land destroyed by construction, parts of it able to restore began restoration succession process as long as the end of construction. But it will inevitably lead to a reduction of the biomass. Forest land which can’t be restored will change the type, nature and function of the existing land use, and turn into construction land, grassland and agricultural land. And this part of the biomass is a complete loss. Construction activities may have on wildlife (particularly national level 2 protected animal chrysolophus pictus) slightly frightened, but it will not reduce the quantity. And at the end of the pipeline construction, the effect will disappear immediately.The main impact of the gas field development on farmland ecosystem:In the arable land occupied by the project construction, temporary only affect a quarter of the arable production activities and land use patterns. And due to being crushed by heavy construction machinery, construction workers trampling, soil disturbance and other reasons, the physical and chemical properties and the soil fertilitythe levels are affected to some degree, and so is the further affecttion on vegetation recovery. But it will eventually disappear gradually over time, eventually the yield and quality of cropsare restored to its original level.The main impact of the gas field development on aquatic ecosystems:Fundamentals of engineering construction of the underwater cofferdam in construction stage, will exclusive SS into the water. And the construction noise will frighten the aquatic animals of construction area. Noise and sediment in the rivers in the construction process are temporary and localized, and they have less impact on the aquatic ecosystem.In this study, considering the ecological state of the environment of the project area, and a combination of the characteristics of the project itself, and the various elements of the ecological environment by the degree of the impact of the project activities and woodland ecosystems (woodland pattern, the protection and recovery of the vegetation, the protection and recovery of wild fauna and flora, residue field recovery A total of four aspects), agro-ecosystem, aquatic ecosystems and soil conservation, effective protection measures and recommendations are put forward.