Research On Environmental Changes In Shandong Peninsula Coastal Zone Based On RS

The coastal zone is the transition zone between sea and land, also is the interaction area of the atmosphere, hydrosphere, lithosphere and biosphere, with a fragile and sensitive ecological system. The coastal zone has abundant natural resources and superior Socio-economic location, which is not only the most densely populated area, but also the fastest and highest level of social and economic development. Coastal zone was also faces a serious loss of resources, ecological destruction and environmental pollution, marine issues disaster-prone and a series of problems, when it has highly development and utilization. Therefore, it has great meaning for sustainable utilization and development of coastal zone to focus attention on and keep on monitoring environment changes on the coastal zone. The coastal zone is unstable, and easily affected by natural and man-induced factors. The impact of this instability is marked by the change of coastal line and related land changes. This paper analyzes the dynamic changes of coastline and land use by taking Shandong peninsula north of Jiaolai River Estuary to the south east coastal area as the research object.According to the national policies published time which promote marine economic development, this article divides 1987-1995,1995-2003 and 2003-2012 three study periods. This paper takes four period remote sensing images in 1987..1995,2003 and 2012 as the data source, combined with ENVI5.0, ARCGIS10.2, DSAS4.3 and other softwares for data processing. Based on previous research, the author puts forward the principle of classification and extraction of coastline, which has carried on the spatial dynamic changes analysis of Coastline from the times speeds advancement and retreatment aspects;the author put forward the Land use classification and utilization grading assignments for the Shandong Peninsula coastal zone by the reference research of domestic and foreign coastal zone. The author Also analyzes the dynamic change of land use, from different angles like: the number of the land use types, the degree of utilization and coastal wetlands. And combine the above research with the relevant content of "Shandong Peninsula Blue Economic Zone Development Project" to carry on the appraisal analysis and suggestions.The research results show that:(1) From 1987 to 2012, coastline length of Shandong Peninsula has increased 350.18km. Among them, the estuary shoreline is the shortest and has light variations, the bedrock and sandy shoreline length were decreased in the wave, and artificial shoreline has the longest length and a rising tend. The End Point Rate (It is calculated by dividing the distance of shoreline movement by the time elapsed between the oldest and the most recent shoreline.) of Shorelines changes have good correspondence with the key areas of "Shandong Peninsula Blue Economic Zone Development Project". The artificial construction of breed aquatics pond, land reclamation, port and dock construction is the main reasons for large shore variation.(2) Within the 25 years, Seaside industrial town land, port maritime land and seawater resources land are the faster change land use types. The main direction of land use changes is:form land used for agricultural and forestry production and green square to seaside industrial town land, from seaside industrial town land to land used for agricultural and forestry production and green square, from Land used for agricultural and forestry production and green square to seawater resources and port maritime land. The Land use change rate岸 and the comprehensive index of land use are lower than the economic developed areas, but the regional land use has been in a period of development.(2) The single land use dynamic degree of the coastal zone of Shandong Peninsula and the change of land use types are adapted to the economic development trend. The comprehensive dynamic degree and the land use comprehensive index are lower than that of the developed regions. Recommended to speed up the conversion between the various types of land resources, improve land use activity degree, to improve the land intensive use level and unit land investment intensity and output efficiency.(3) With the reduction of the natural wetlands, the artificial wetland is in rising trend and has always been dominant. The value of material production accounted for about 50.70% of the total value, followed by the value of environmental regulation which accounted for 48.24%, and the value of social services accounted for only 1.06%. Coastal wetlands contain high economic and ecological potential capacity, but the magnitude of value of the social service function is relatively low, especially in the aspects of leisure tourism and cultural value which need to be further developed. Recommended to take effective protection, restoration and development measures to improve riparian wetland value proportion.