Combinatorial Matrix Analysis Of Climate Comfort And Climate Risk In Qinghai - Tibet Plateau

The Qinghai-Tibet plateau located in the southwest of China, it is belongs to the plateau climate. The feature of plateau climate affected by terrain, which low pressure, low oxygen, low temperature, low humidity, strong wind and strong sun light. On the one hand, the unique climate conditions add some mysterious color for the Qinghai-Tibet plateau, a large number of immigrant population are attracted by Qinghai-Tibet plateau’s singular and special natural landscape and cultural history. On the other hand, the unique climate conditions become a climate barrier that blocks the non-native into the plateau. Therefore, the research of the climate comfort and climate risk spatial distribution on the Qinghai-Tibet plateau provides factual basis to the people, who will choose appropriate time and place for a variety of activities.The research based on climate perception and climate adaptation as the theory support, the monthly data of average meteorological elements collect from 115 stations of the Qinghai-Tibet plateau in 30 years (including temperature, wind, relative humidity, absolute humidity, atmospheric pressure, latitude, altitude, sunshine percentage). According to the basic model of the THI, WCI, ICL, UVI, PRI, the method of the research calculate and statistic the five indexes of comfortable and risk level of cities’ number firstly. Secondly, it analyzes the change of the five indexes in every season, measurement the influence of various factors on the five indexes. Thirdly, it analyses and calculates the quantitative relationship between the five indexes and the altitude. Fourthly, it reveals the spatial distribution of the five indexes on the Qinghai-Tibet plateau.The conclusions as follows:(1) According to time series data, huge differences between each evaluation index. Through analyzing the change of seasons, for the comfort evaluation index, the highest index value is the most comfortable in summer, the spring is better than the autumn, and the lowest index value is the most uncomfortable in the winter. For the risk evaluation index, the PRI, the lowest index value is the risk-minimizing in the summer, and the risk-maximizing in the winter, spring is higher than the autumn. The UVI, the highest index value is the risk-maximizing in the summer, damage the lowest in the winter, spring is higher than autumn.(2) According to the spatial data, each evaluation index showed a certain regularity and diversity. In general:at the low altitude, the altitude impact on the evaluation index is smaller, and at the higher altitude, the altitude impact on the evaluation index is more and more significant. From the perspective of spatial distribution, the comfort evaluation index, mainly concentrated in the central plateau, which has the lowest index. Located in the southeastern and northwest of plateau, the index is higher. For the PRI, atmospheric pressure changes with the regional altitude alteration on the spatial distribution, the PRI presents "horseshoe shape distribution" and "step" gradient of law. The UVI is generally strong on the Qinghai-Tibet plateau, which is the strongest in the southwest, and the weakest in southeast.Finally, it utilized two-dimensional matrix method, the spatial difference analysis of comfort and risk of the season and route. From the results, the seasonal climate comfort with risk has significant difference. Overall, in summer, the largest numbers of city are suitable for outdoor activities, followed by spring and autumn period, and the most cities are not suitable for travel in winter. Based on the analysis of the route, the most suitable travel route is mainly the eastern part of the QING Hai lake basin, north of the QI Lian mountain, the interior of the Qaidam basin circle city folk customs culture, plateau along the southern part of the city, along the river’s expedition, the west of Sichuan-Tibet highway. Therefore, the most suitable for travel time and place is the Qinghai lake basin, the Yarlung Zangbo river basin, JIU Zhaigou and Huang Long scenic spot, jade dragon snow mountain of LI Jiang in the summer on the Qinghai-Tibet plateau.In this paper, on the basis of traditional climate comfort research, the introduction of the PRI and UVI, enriched the climate comfort evaluation, it fully understand the Qinghai-Tibet plateau climate condition. It provides factual basis for the comprehensive understanding the plateau climate barrier for tourists, and also provides theoretical basis for the government of the tourism, transportation, medical, etc. to launch relevant measures and construction services.