A Comparative Study Of Collective Construction Land Transaction In Chongqing

With the acceleration of urbanization, industrialization, and the city2&3industry become the main drive economic growth, the formation of the urban land shortage restricts the further development of local economy. At the same time, because of the population outflow and the de-cline of industry, the rural housing land, land for township enterprises, and land for construction land have a large number of idle. Total quantity of rural construction land in China is4.6times of the city. This imbalance in the structure of urban and rural construction land objectively requires the rural construction land resources through the circulation to improve the allocate efficiency and achieve its economic interests. Rural construction land circulation is the land production fac-tors participate population and technology, and other factors of production restructuring and con-figuration in the capital in the process of urbanization. It has a good positive role to speed up the rural industrial development and urbanization process, increase farmers’ income, promoting the construction of socialist new countryside. Chengdu-Chongqing is a experimental area which in-cluding the largest natural talent, good industrial foundation and dense urban distribution, how-ever, as the experimental zone in the west and Chengdu-Chongqing expressway rural reform just been started, there are many problems in the process of land circulation, especially the Chongq-ing special ticket system is a great exploration for the rural construction land circulation system, for our country’s land system reform and the integration of urban and rural development is of great significance.Through the comb of the literature research on China’s rural collective construction land circulation, we studied the Increase of Urban Construction Land and the Decrease of Rural Resi-dential Land(pothook for short)and land quota by taking the present as balance urban and rural test area-Chongqing construction land circulation patterns as example. the specific content of research are as follows:(1) Comparison and interpretation of different circulation patterns:we readied the two models from the running program, definition and simulation, then compared the difference and connection between them from the running cost and value-added income distribu-tion;(2) Comparison of implementation process of different circulation patterns:The thesis took their differences in the implementation process as research perspective. The implementation process divided into following three stages:Index creation stage, index trading stage and using stage;(3) Comparison of implementation effect of different circulation patterns:The thesis took their differences in the implementation effect as research perspective mainly from the val-ue-added benefits, implementation benefits, cultivated land protection performance and Urban and rural overall performance. The paper reflected their characteristics objectively. The similari-ties and differences between two patterns were presented in order to providing a reference for exploring more reasonable land circulation pattern and for Chongqing city or China, promoting the sustainable development of rural collective construction land circulation research, providing a reference for the urban and rural development.The main conclusions of this paper are as follows:(1) Pothook is a special form to land quotaPothook and land quota are models of rural construction land circulation in Chongqing, but land quota is the model which turn the index into note. Through this model, the land is trans-ferred from the space of physical assets into tradable instrument, so that the fixed assets turn into liquid assets. The most important innovation of land quota is the rural collective construction land and urban construction land index in Chongqing distances and widespread displacement index, trade, however pothook pattern of displacement range limit within a county, so pothook is a special form to land quota.(2) For the protection of cultivated land, land quota is better than pothookLooking from the order of the urban and rural construction land conversion, pothook pattern is "build first, demolition after", but land quota is" demolition first, build after"; looking from the perspective of the dynamic change of cultivated land, pothook pattern is "occupies first, filling after", but land quota is "filling first, occupies after". The former one brought the hidden danger to the cultivated land protection. It may be occupies more for filling less, asset poor inevitable or even supplement of arable land non period phenomenon in the implementation. While the latter one does not. Therefore, from the effect of protection of farmland, land quota is better than po-thook.(3) For solving the contradiction between rural and urban areas, land quota is superior to pothook"Urban and rural construction land linked to the pilot management approach" to implement pothook index "total control, closed operation" principle, pothook land index is only replacement small range, range can’t break through the project area. However land quota trade through the rural land exchange with replacement to large range and remote rural construction. The construc-tion of the remote district land index can also be sold to the city for a higher price, so as to en-hance the value of the land in remote areas. This model has the advantages of small floor limited range, city construction land layout optimization, more focused, more effective for the contradic-tion of land and farmland protection to solve the city construction. To some extent, this model changed the institutional arrangement that rural collective construction land expropriation by the government change to the city construction land to enter the primary market development and obtain limited compensation, so that the land owning farmers can share the appreciation of the interests and the city’s prosperity after the collective construction land change to the cities.(4) Land quota is beneficial to intensive city developmentAccording to the basic principles of market mechanism, by attracting the scarcity factor of production gather to the city,the land quota increased asset value and optimize the industrial structure in the scale competition, finally achieve the optimization sustainable economic devel-opment and layout of industrial, avoided the low city development pattern and industrial expan-sion. The land ticket system effectively solves the problem of construction of the most stringent land management system for city development brings, greatly ease the tense situation of urban construction land, the local government can be arranged flexibly according to the actual situation of urban construction of the local land, solve the biggest bottleneck problem faced by urban de-velopment, the Limited urban construction land is most effectively utilized, to achieve maximum benefit.In summary, the Chongqing Rural construction land of the two modes can play a role, po-thook is a special form to land quota, but land quota has great advantages contradiction in the settlement patterns of urbanization and farmland protection of the pair the system. From the perspective of the country to achieve the purpose of protection of farmland; from a local gov-ernment perspective, the goal of the regional urban and rural development; from the farmer’s point of view, to meet the demands of different types of farmers’ interests. Therefore, ticket mod-el has an indispensable role to solve the contradiction between the cultivated land protection and urbanization of our country, which is the necessity of its establishment and existence. But in the long run, as an institutional innovation, land quota cannot completely replace the rural construc-tion land. This paper considers the problem of how to establish and improve a unified land mar-ket is a theoretical and practical guiding significance.