Machanism And Effect Of Labor Force Quality And Technical Content Of Export Products

China’s foreign trade reached4.16trillion dollars, becoming the largest goods trading country in the world. However, to transform from a big trading country to a powerful trading country, depending simply on expansion of exports is useless, China has to upgrade its exports’ technology and improve the quality of export so that to enhance the competitiveness. Since the reform and opengning up, as the world’s largest population, abundant and low-cost labor has been the greatest advantage of China’s foreign trade. But with the demographic dividend gradually subsided, traditional advantage of exports continue to weaken. In the future development of foreign trade, it’s a hot issue in academic research that how to optimize the export structure to realize the "upgrade" of China’s foreign trade and move towards trading power. At present, different schlars have different views on China’s foreign trade in transition path, but it’s an emerging area of research that to impove labor quality and promote technological progress, thus enchance the technological content of exports. High-quality labor will undoubtedly contributes to enchancing the technological content of export products, but to what extent the consistency between labor quality and technical content of export products? And is the consistency same in the different level of economics? Answer these questions having important treoretical and practical significance in promoting transformation and upgrade of China’s foreign trade.Based on generalized endowment theory and dynamic comparative advantage theory, demonstrate, this paper explore the internal mechanism and the path of labor force’s impact on the export products technology content. On the basis of defining the relevant conceptions of labor force quality and export product technology content, we calculate the export product technical content of various countries with the comparative advantage for the weight, and measure the quality of labor force which evaluated by the integrated indicator system. By making the transverse and longitudinal statistical analysis and comparison of export products technology content and labor force quality in different income countries, we find that both the quality of labor force and export products technology content vary in different income level countries and export products technology content is higher in the high income country with higher labor force quality in the overall, but in the specific comparison on them has certain inconsistencies.In order to further study this issue scientifically, this paper use panel data from different income levels of50sample countries in2000-2011. Static panel and dynamic panel system GMM were used to verify the impact of labor force quality on the export products technology content respectively. The empirical results show that, in general, the quality of labor force play a significant role in enhancing the export products technology content, especially in the high income level countries. Besides, the natural resource endowments have a negative impact on the improvement of a country’s export products technology content, but the other factors like import, national scale, foreign direct investment, research and development as well as physical capital endowment are contributing for the enhance of export products technology content. Among which, the national scale and foreign direct investment make little improvement for the export products technology content in high income countries, and R&D expenditure don’t mean a lot in middle income countries. Based on the empirical results, this paper presents policy recommendations combined with the status of China to further improve the quality of labor force and promote the technological content of export products.This paper is divided into six parts:the introduction elaborate on the background, theoretical and practical significance, an overview of the research methods, structural arrangements and the innovation and difficulties of this paper. The second chapter describes and reviews the relevant researches on the quality of labor force and export products technology content made by domestic and foreign scholars. The third chapter defined the meaning of labor quality and export products technology content, on the basis of which, theoretically analyzed the mechanisms of labor quality affect the export products technology content. Chapter IV and V are the empirical part of the paper. Built evaluation index system to measure the quality of labor force and conduct international comparisons, and analyze and compare the export product technology content through indicators as well. Further use dynamic panel data model to analyze the impact of labor quality on the technical content of export products and make an explanation for the parameter estimates of each variable. Chapter VI are policy recommendations based on the corresponding conclusions of this study.