The Research Of State-owned Enterprises To The Path Of Effective Incentive Mechanism

The key to the reform of state-owned enterprises is to establish the effective incentive mechanism. Senior managers are scarce resources of the enterprises and the driving force to achieve corporate goals. Along with the domestic and international market competition intensifying, to capture the excellent talents is becoming more important for enterprises. Because the talent superiority would be subject to the incentive mechanism, to establish the incentive mechanism of state-owned enterprises senior managers appears to be particularly important.From the beginning of the last century, management scientists, economists, psychologists and sociologists have began to study incentive problems from different angles, and reviewed some corresponding theories, including the principal-agent theory, the human capital theory, the motivation theory and the process theory. Theses theories form the current incentive theory system, which is of great significance to guide the HRM practices.For nearly30years of China’s reform and opening, senior management incentive mechanism in state-owned enterprises has been explored. But the effective senior management incentive mechanism has not been completely established. Many questions still need to be resolved. Some of them are common. Such as goals difference, information asymmetric and uncoordinated responsibilities between the owners and the senior managers, and so on. Some of them are specific issues in china’s state-owned enterprises. For example, salary level of senior manager is prevailed low, which leads to the moral hazard. Incentives tend to be instant and disposable, which leads to weak effects. There is no social security and institutionalized reward for senior managers after off-the-job, which leads to the resources-transferring phenomenon. China is lack of a perfect manager market. The development environment is not very fair and harmonious. China’s specific ownership arrangements for enterprises weak the function incentive mechanism, and so on. These issues result in many problems.According to these problems about senior manager incentive mechanisms in China’s state-owned enterprises, to establish an effective incentive mechanism is very necessary. By summarizing the existing research results, and management experiences, we believe that senior manager incentive mechanism must adhere to the combination of material and spiritual, the combination of incentives and restraint, the combination of internal and external incentives, the combination of strictness and fairness. We should strengthen the material incentives of senior managers in state-owned enterprises. We can carry out the annual salary system, and implement the manager shares-holding plan. Meanwhile, we should attend to the spirit incentives. Corporate culture should be constructed; the promotion incentives should be implemented; enterprises should become strategic partner of senior managers. And reputation incentive should be strengthened. State-owned enterprise take there measures to meet their various needs.