Resources And "junk.

With the rapid development of Chinese economy and the unceasing enhancement of farmers’ living standard, the problem of rural environmental pollution has become more and more serious. Scholars who paid close attention to rural living garbage problem, focused on how to solve the rural living garbage problem, but neglected the self adjustment of local ecological system. By researching the disposal ways of Bai village’s cow dung and straw and their functional changes, the author is trying to find out the current situation of living garbage disposal in semi-farming and semi-pastoral areas in our country, search ways for self-adjustment in local ecosystem and summarize the local ecological knowledge of Bai village, causing thinking and providing reference for how to correctly view and utilize the resources and garbage in semi-farming and semi-pastoral areas in our country.In the last eighty years since1930s, under the influence of rise of planting, people’s communes, household contract responsibility system, great changes have taken place in the agricultural structure of Bai village: animal husbandry was dominant and agriculture was assistant in the1930s; agriculture became dominant, and animal husbandry became assistant in the middle of the20th century; agriculture is supporting animal husbandry at present. The status of agriculture has been gradually raised, while the status of animal husbandry has fallen day by day.The change of Bai village’s agricultural structure directly influenced the disposal ways of the agricultural byproduct, such as straw and cow dung. Their social and cultural functions also changed constantly. The traditional function of cow dung as fuel continued but weakened, eventually withdrew from the historical stage, and the function as an important agricultural element of farmyard manure continuously strengthened, from the "necessity" of everyday life into the "nutrition" of agricultural production. At the same time, corn straw initially being thrown out developed into silage and forage in the people’s commune period, then fuel, farmyard manure and gift, from the garbage into resources.In return, the utilization and disposal way of cow dung and straw also affected and promoted Bai village’s agriculture and animal husbandry. Throughout Bai village’s development in the last eighty years, cow dung has lost its traditional function as burning material in Inner Mongolia and it reflected the modernization of nomadic people. The augment of its function as farmyard manure also embodied the transformation of Mongolian agriculture management from extensity to efficiency and quality. The functional evolvement of corn straw reflected the important position of corns in the Bai village’s planting system. The expanding planting area of corns embodied the leading position of the Bai village’s agricultural production in economic and social structure.The change of Bai village’s cow dung and straw utilization and disposal way highlights the unique local ecological knowledge of semi-farming and semi-pastoral areas. First, open and inclusive semi-farming and semi-pastoral areas absorbed farming culture and realized the self-adaptation in the ecological system. Second, the development tendency of agriculture and animal husbandry was not necessarily opposite, but interwoven with each other, constituting a complete and recycled ecosystem. Third, in the collective consciousness of the Bai village, cow dung and straw were a kind of resource rather than garbage. Finally, in Bai village’s ecosystem circulation, the dual attributes of cow dung and straw which we call "junk" everyday can make it become the "resources".Excavation heritage and protection of the local ecology of Bai village that is typical in semi-agricultural and semi-pastoral areas, not only transform the garbage into resource, solving rural living garbage properly and protecting the rural environment, but also help people face the problem of environmental degradation.