Mass Media Needs Both "Means" And "Defense"

With the flourishing development of TV civil news programs, TV stations around China broadcast civil news programs made by themselves in succession, for example, EVENING NEWS of Heilongjiang TV station, who has made the debut of civil news, ZERO DISTANCE TO NANJING of Jiangsu city channel, URBAN NEWS TIME of Hunan urban channel, THE SEVENTH DAY of Beijing TV station, ALIUTOU REPORT NEWS of Hangzhou TV station, etc. All in all, from hardware factors such as technologies to news activities of civil news programs are becoming more professional in China, so that much TV civil news programs become trumps of TV stations. With the responsibility of holding justice, news practitioners carry forward spirit of the true, the good, and the beautiful and disclose hypocrisy of the fake, the bad, the ugly through news activities. Being responsible for the society and being loyal to the country, TV stations give a full play of "social watcher", and at the same time, news practitioners undertake the role of "uncrowned king".Although TV civil news programs are loved by more and more audience for its approach to civil life, some news practitioners cater the hobby on their own interest in order to get high audience rating under the highly competitive market circumstance especially after the reform of media system. In addition, being tempted by varieties of adverse social factors, TV stations don’t defend the bottom line of news production, and even break it continuously. As the result, the misbehaviors lead to many legal and ethical issues, anomies during news activities become much more serious. As a main approach to know about social events, mass media is responsible to enhance social uprightness, however, because lacking awareness of the law and journalistic ethics, some news practitioners do not guide people to be optimistic but to be pessimistic. So it is important to make inquiry of the legal and ethical anomies in the production of TV civil news programs. It can both promote the awareness of the law and ethics of news practitioners and supervise news activities. In the first part of this article, the writer introduces the background, significance, literature review and research methods. In the second part, the writer shows four phenomena of legal anomies in the production of TV civil news programs:violation of the right to know, violation of the right of privacy and portrait, violation of the right of concealment, violation of right of reputation. In the third part the writer shows five phenomena of ethical anomie in the production of TV civil news programs:fastidious and indifferent attitude to news trails, choosing and making news highlight inappropriately, reduction of truth because of lack of comprehension of news, lack of humanity and interference to the broadcasting of news. In the fourth part, the writer summaries eight reasons of the legal and ethical anomies in the production of TV civil news programs:historical and psychological factors, allure of commercial interest, fierce competition of mass media, lack of self-discipline, lack of external supervision, mess of internal division of human resource management. In the fifth part, the writer proposes four measures respectively:changing mind, obeying the existing law, enhancing news self-discipline, deepening the media system reform and human resource management.Most cases cited in this article are experienced by the writer when working as an intern at Shandong TV station. The other examples originate from news events of influence around china. The writer hopes to make a contribution to the healthy development of TV civil news.