The Research And Improvement Of LEACH Protocol Based On K-means Clustering

Wireless sensor network is a hot issue currently in the international community. It has broad application prospects in the aspect of environmental monitoring, national security, agriculture, health, industry, intelligent transportation, space exploration and other fields. It is meaningful to research on WSN.All nodes of WSN are battery-powered independently, because of the huge number of nodes and the special circumstances, it is infeasible to replace battery, the major goal of the network design is saving energy of each node. In WSNs, the routing protocol is the foundation of the network, which serves as the core technology and an essential part of network research. Therefore, the study of efficient routing protocols to establish a reliable path for data transmission is important, in order to prolong the network lifetime and improve the performance of the network.Firstly, the paper outlines the WSN and its routing protocols. It describes the architecture, key technology, features and technical challenges of WSN. It introduces the routing protocols of WSN, some typical routing protocols and carries on the analysis and comparison. Then the paper focuses on the LEACH protocol analysis. It analyzes the operating principle, energy analysis, network model, the advantages and disadvantages of LEACH protocol and its direction of improvement. Because of the disadvantage of cluster head election without considering the residual energy, single-hop routing and other issues, we proposed LEACH-K routing protocol based on K-means clustering, and then analyze it concretely. Finally, the paper makes the simulation of LEACH protocol, SEP protocol and LEACH-K protocol on MATLAB, and then carries on the analysis and comparison of the three protocols. Simulation results verify that LEACH-K effectively prolong the network lifetime and improve the load balance of the network.