Study On Optimum Design Of Array About Microphone Array Sound Source Localization System

With the continuous development of array signal processing and speech processing inradar, sonar and wireless communication and many other military and economic fields, thetopology of array sound source and2-D DOA estimation and so on especially the formereffect on performance of the latter is paid more and more attention. According to the theory ofarray signal processing, array topology on the performance of array processing system has animportant influence, therefore, the2-D DOA estimation as the breakthrough point, hasimportant scientific significance and application value to study optimization of arraytopology.On summarizing domestic and foreign relevant array topology structure and the relatedresearch progress on the basis of the DOA estimation technology, the paper first presents theanalyzes of basic experimental study on array topology in sound source localization;Systematic study of the uniform linear array, nested linear array, L-shaped array, rectangulararray, concentric circular array and the array of different topologies and array direction vector;Detailed analysis of the MUSIC, Capon, ESPRIT and other classic2-D DOA estimationmethod; Gives the array beam pattern and spatial spectrum of simulation results; Secondly,the paper introduces the theoretical basis for the optimization design of the array optimizationalgorithm, systematically expounded the basic principles and key parameters to optimize thegenetic algorithm selection.Considering the array topology optimization methods can be divided into two kinds: onekind is the optimization of each array element position, and then calibrate the sensorcoordinate; Another is to optimize the element number of array, the array element to retain thesame position, the paper by using the genetic algorithm for the number of array element inarray topology optimization, through constructing the Euclidean distance of the2-D MUSICspatial spectrum function and the optimized number of array element consist of the fitnessvariables, the sound source2-D DOA estimation precision for stop condition, using theclassical2-D MUSIC algorithm, for uniform L-shaped array, uniform rectangular array,uniform circular array and regular concentric microphone array of optimization design.Simulation results show that, compared with other arrays, paper method of optimization ofarray topology structure, can accurately estimate the sound source to wave direction, and acertain number of array element can be saved.