Array Signal DOA Estimation Methods Based On The Bat Optimization Algorithm

Array signal parameter estimation research mainly focus on DOA of space target estimation, is widely applied to radar, sonar, and many other military and civilian fields.With the development of signal processing technology, a large number of super-resolution algorithm has emerged, which the classical algorithms have multiple signal classification(MUSIC) and maximum likelihood estimation(ML). In the development stage of array signal DOA estimation based on sparse decomposition theory, also have the characteristics of high resolution. These algorithms can get the best estimation performance in theory, but due to the existence of nonlinear search, such as large computation problem, engineering is difficult to use.The Bat Algorithm(BA) is through the simulation of biological characteristics of nature bats using ultrasound to capture prey to put forward an intelligent bionic optimization algorithm. It has the advantages of distributed, parallelism, simple model, fast convergence speed and less control parameters. In this paper, the bat algorithm respectively optimize the maximum likelihood algorithm, orthogonal matching pursuit algorithm based on sparse decomposition thought and the MUSIC algorithm to apply to the combination of array signal DOA estimation, in order to show the bat algorithm excellent global search and local search ability, to improve the performance of traditional algorithm.This paper first introduces the basic theory of array signal processing and mathematical model, and the basic concept of the bat algorithm and mathematical model. In this paper, a maximum likelihood DOA estimation based on the bat optimization algorithm, the basic algorithm of bat search strategy has made the improvement, to combine the characteristics of the maximum likelihood DOA estimation spectral function, make it fast convergence to the global extremes. Compared with other several classic optimization algorithms, the bat algorithm has better convergence performance.Secondly, in view of the sparse decomposition of orthogonal matching pursuit algorithm in the iterative process of the problem of large amount of calculation, put forward a kind of culture bats algorithm to optimize the orthogonal matching pursuit algorithm, is used to estimate with DOA. Introducing the cultural algorithm model into the bat algorithm,to improve the accuracy of the algorithm. Simulation experiments show that cultural bat algorithm optimized orthogonal matching algorithm not only reduce the amount of calculation, but also can obtain better estimation result.Finally, this paper introduces the method of MUSIC two-dimensional DOA estimation under the model of L-shaped array of MIMO radar. Due to the traditional MUSIC algorithm of large amount of calculation, and the estimated spectrum function for multimodal function put forward a kind of bat algorithm based on niche technology to optimize the MUSIC two-dimensional DOA method. To make improvements to the bat algorithm using niche technology, to search all extreme points corresponding to the peak value, then we can estimate the azimuth angle and pitching angle of multiple sources.