Energy Efficiency Technology Of Deployment In Wireless Sensor Networks

As a new and important information technology, wireless sensor networks (WSNs) have attracted much international attentions. In a WSN, the energy of sensor nodes is usually extremely limited. At the same time, it is costly and difficult to replace nodes’batteries manually. Therefore, energy conservation always plays an important role in WSN. In this paper, we focus on the energy-saving skills applied in the network deployment. Our researches are mainly consist of three parts, which are the energy efficient network organizing in the deployment of static sensor networks, the energy efficient control of mobile nodes in the deployment of mobile sensor networks, and the energy efficient coverage in the deployment of mobile sensor networks.The deployment and network organization, which have great influences on the network lifetime and the deployment costs, are the matter of primary importance in WSNs. In research of the energy efficient network organizing in the deployment of static sensor networks, we put forward a novel network organizing method for deterministic deployment. In this method, an accurate non-linear battery model is considered to evaluate the energy consumption of sensor nodes; a non-uniform deployment scheme which deploys varied number of nodes in different area is considered for network energy balance; TDMA is applied for time slot allocation of nodes for data transferring, and the nodes deployed in the same position are designed to operate alternately; furthermore, An energy efficient quadrature modulation is introduced to lower the energy for data communication. In order to evaluate the performance of our proposed network organizing method, a simple method is considered for comparison. The simulation results show that our proposed network organizing method can not only prolong the network lifetime, but also cut down the deployment costs. Unlike the nodes in the static sensor networks, the nodes in the mobile sensor networks have the ability to move, which makes them face more arduous tasks and consume more energy. In order to reduce the energy consumption for deployment of mobile sensor networks, we study the related energy-saving skills in two ways. On the one hand, we consider the energy efficient control skill of mobile nodes to save the nodes’motion energy consumption; on the other hand, we consider the energy efficient coverage skill for both enhancing the network coverage performance and improving the network energy efficiency.In the study of the energy efficient control of mobile nodes, the accurate non-linear battery model is used to evaluate the energy consumption of nodes’motor, and a practical energy dissipation model for mobile nodes is derived. Based on this model, the relationships between the motor angular velocity and the energy consumed in acceleration/uniform motion/deceleration phase have been researched, respectively. The study results show that:with the increasing of the motor angular velocity, the energy consumed in acceleration and deceleration phase will rise up, and that consumed in uniform motion phase will obtain one or more extremums. Besides, there is always an optimal motor angular velocity with the minimum total motion energy consumption for different moving distance.In the study of the energy efficient coverage, by jointly considerate the network coverage hole discovering scheme, the nodes self-deployment method, the energy efficient control skill of mobile nodes and the network energy-balance strategy, the nodes self-deployment algorithm based virtual force (VFA) is improved and a novel nodes self-deployment algorithm EVFA-V is proposed. In EVFA-V, the influence of the boundary on mobile nodes, the virtual force between mobile nodes and that generated from coverage hole, the balance of nodes’ residual energy, and the optimized motor angular velocity control scheme are taken into consideration. For evaluating the performance of our proposed algorithm EVFA-V, the VFA and VFA-V, which considerates both the virtual force between nodes and that generated from coverage hole, are considered for comparisons. The simulation results demonstrate that our proposed algorithm EVFA-V shows good performances on improving network coverage ratio, reducing network deployment energy consumption, and balancing the residual energy of nodes. All in all, the related energy-saving skills studied in this paper are of important research significance, they will provide theoretical directions and practical guidance for the deployment of wireless sensor network.