Research On Ultra-wideband Ground Penetrating Radar Shallow Target Detection Technology

With the rapid development of modernization in cities and towns, the range ofdistribution of roads, bridges and other transportation infrastructures is increasing.As the usedtime grow, these infrastructures will have a variety of problems,(such as Cracks, Sink, Void,Deformation, and so on) because of various reasons. For example, bad quality of buildingmaterials, transport overload and bad weather, etc. That will cause many kinds of accidents.Therefore, the surveys and maintenance of roads, bridges and other transportationinfrastructures become more and more important. As usually the planning and constructionprojects always are not synchronized, when we arrange and construct underground pipes,cables, drainage systems and other underground facilities, we are often faced with theproblem that the ongoing engineering project is in conflict with other engineering facilities.Therefore, the information of the underground structure and targets distribution is verynecessary for us to analyze the feasibility of the ongoing engineering project before the formalstart of engineering project.Ultra-Wideband Ground-Penetrating Radar (UWB-GPR) technology is an efficient,accurate and non-destructive detection method which has good effect on detecting shallowtargets. This thesis describes the background of the development of UWB-GPR, its systemcomponents and technical principles. This thesis also researches into shallow targetreconstruction and simulation of UWB-GPR. Besides, this thesis uses the RIS-K2GPRsystem to measure and GprMax2D to simulate, and processes the GPR data using theproposed target detection method. The main research work and achievements of this thesis areas follows:1. This thesis researches on UWB-GPR system, its technical principles and thereconstruction of shallow target. By using the software GprMax2D, which is based on theFinite-Difference Time-Domain method, this thesis simulates shallow target reconstructmodel and uses Matlab to process the target simulation data.2. This thesis applies the UWB-GPR technology to specific practical application with theItaly IDS RIS-K2GPR system in target Data acquisition and target detection experiments.This thesis uses the collected data to image and process the target at the Matlab platform. 3. This thesis presents a method of UWB-GPR shallow target detection based on powerspectrum estimation. It is mainly for shallow target detection applications that the detectiondepth is less than5meters. This method reduces the required amount of raw data stored in thedetection process and therefore has a low computational complexity and a fast speed inprocessing data. Besides, the acquisition process and the data processing process of theUWB-GPR system can be combined together. This thesis detects the North Hubin Road andSongshan Road that locate in Wushan District of South China University of Technology, anduses the proposed method to process and analysis the acquisition data.The actual detection processing results showed that UWB-GPR has a good detectionperformance to shallow targets, and the method of UWB-GPR shallow target detection basedon power spectrum estimation in this thesis has high practical value in the practicalapplication.