Design Of The Digital Capacitive Sensing Sensor And System Of Ice Thickness And Its Application In The Monitoring Of Ice Conditions In The Yellow Rive And The Antarctic Zhongshan Station

This topic is applied research aimed at monitoring ice and water condition for the Yellow River and Antarctica Zhongshan Station, which is funded by the program of Specialized Research Fund for the Doctoral Program of colleges and universities "The applied mechanism research of ice and water condition and information around the clock automatic monitoring based on detection method of differences in physical characteristics of the air, ice and water (ID:20091402110004)" and National Natural Science Fund "Research of sea ice thickness monitoring method based on capacitive sensing technology (ID:41176080)", as well as the Scientific and Technological Key Projects in Shanxi Province "Ice thickness sensor and its system of transmission lines based on capacitive sensing (ID:20110321026-02)".Automatic detection of ice conditions based on physical characteristic difference of air, ice and water was proposed by the ice conditions detection research group of the Institute of Measurement and Control Technology of Taiyuan University of Technology, and was a new detection method successfully applied in the Antarctic ice conditions. In view of this basic principle, the use of different dielectric properties of air, ice and water to realize the observations of sea ice thickness was a new prolongation and innovation to this new method. In the research process of this thesis, Through measuring capacitance value of stratified air, ice and under ice water layer, the author in2011designed a capacitive sensing ice conditions detection sensor that could realize the detection of ice thickness and the height of water level automatical, the sensor in the2011-2012was carried on the test of continuous on-site monitoring of ice conditions in the Wanjiazhai hydrological station of Yellow River throughout the whole winter. Through analyzing and studying of its actual application and the final data captured, found that although the basic functions of the device had been achieved, because of the lack of itself structure of the sensor, the design of acquisition and processing circuit and follow-up data sent and processed and so on, and greatly affect the accuracy and real-time judgment of the wild on-site ice conditions test results. For this reason, according to the further integration of the requirements of the actual project on the river ice and sea ice field data, the digital capacitive sensing ice thickness sensor and detection system was designed and developed again,and applied in ice and water monitoring in the Wanjiazhai hydrological station of Yellow River and Antarctica Zhongshan Station. In this paper, the design of the digital capacitive sensing sensor is different from the other sensors not only on the principle of data acquisition, but also the internal structure and the shape of sensor had been improved, and the acquisition and processing circuit had been optimized, besides the data sending, receiving, and the subsequent processing program algorithm had been done the greatest degree of improvement, thereby improving the stability, timeliness and reliability of the whole system. This thesis consists of following parts:Firstly, going through large number of related reference materials, research and analysis of the ice and water situation detection methods currently in the domestic and international, and compared their advantages and disadvantages, on this basis, an ice and water situation detection system based on the different capacitance characteristics (dielectric properties) of air, ice and water was proposed.Secondly, through the analysis of dielectric properties of the measured medium-air, ice and water, according to different capacitance characteristics of air, ice and water, to analyze the mechanism of data acquisition part of capacitive sensing ice thickness detecting sensor, which is the basis theory of ice thickness sensor design, and also is the core of the ice conditions inspection system based on capacitive sensing.Then, the feasibility study of the designed out different types of sensors has been conducted by experiment. According to the requirement of specific practical engineering, successfully developed a different range of digital capacitive sensing ice thickness sensors and system. The system mainly included: the digital ice thickness sensor hardware circuit and geometric structure design and packaging of the sensor of data acquisition part; the hardware circuit design and main program and subprogram compiled of data processing part; the wireless acquisition module of the A-GPRS10901and hardware circuit design and software settings of the GPS data pass-through module of the data transmission part; the design of host computer receiving and processing software of the receive part.Finally, to described the on-site installation, and respectively analyzed the application of capacitive sensing ice thickness sensor and its system and the data collection in Wanjiazhai Hydropower Station and Antarctica Zhongshan Station.With the assist of tutor and research team of ice conditions detection, through nearly two years effort, successfully completed the research objectives originally scheduled, applied to the28th Antarctic expedition, laid the foundation for the5th Arctic and29th Antarctic expedition, and opened up a broader applications for ice monitoring of cable and marine and early warning.