Studies On Key Technologies In The Computer-aided Orthopedic Surgery System

Orthopedic disease’s types are various and its surgery is difficult, whereas thecomputer-aided orthopedic surgery system combined with computer technology, imageprocessing technology and medical knowledge can effectively assistthe clinical surgery,improve the safety and success rate of operation and help orthopedic surgeons successfullysolve difficult cases. It’s a major innovation in the traditional operation mode. Meanwhile, asan emerging technology, digital orthopedic surgery has the unique advantages in providingallogeneic bone and artificial bone digital model, as well as accomplishing3Danatomicalmodel parameter measurement and surgery-related information management. To better meetthe need of orthopedic surgical precision and safety requirements, the establishment ofcomputer-aided orthopedic surgery system of virtual surgery simulation, digital humanskeleton model library, allogeneic bone and artificial bone digital model becomes an urgentneed.Intended for orthopedic surgery application requirements, this paper focuses on databasesystem design of digital skeleton model, high-quality3D model reconstruction,computer-aided simulation technology and its implementation. Computer-aided orthopedicsurgery system is finally developed based on the above methods.The main research results obtained in the paperare as follows:(1)Digital bone library system design is realized. Composition, framework, and accesstechnology of database are analyzed; ODBC visit technology is used to develop database, aswell asthe design of operating application program and specific interface are achievedcombined with orthopedic surgeons’ demands on Visual C++platform; digital bone modellibrary based on normal and abnormal human skeleton information is built(2)In order to achieve high-quality3D model reconstruction, an improved MC algorithmbased on edge-preserving local Gaussian Filtering and3D region growing is proposed. Thisalgorithm adopts the edge-preserving Gaussian filtering to eliminate noise and enhance edge,and effectively solves the problem of the roughness of reconstruction surface and topologicalambiguity with changing the original cube types;3D region growing algorithm in thresholdsegmentation improves the efficiency of reconstruction by avoiding reconstructing largenumber of bone fragments. High-quality3D reconstruction lays the basis forcomputer-assisted orthopedic surgery system(3)Simulation program design and operations of computer-aided orthopedic surgery arerealized. Maximum Intensity Projection(MIP)algorithm is established on the sagittal plane, on which the two-dimensional geometric measurement is achieved; the OpenGL graphicsdevelopment platform rendering process is analyzed and precise3D coordinates of targetpoint is obtained, laying the foundation for realization of geometric measurements in3Dspace;3D cutting algorithm based on the research on the intersection between triangular facetsand cutting plan is achieved; rigid registration algorithm is applied after3D cutting operation.(4)Computer-assisted orthopedic surgery system is finally constructed based on abovestudies. Overall framework, functional modules and realization methods of the system arediscussed; taking Ankylosing Spondylitis as training set for system testing, the digital humansystem skeleton model and allogeneic bone and artificial bone digital model are realized, aswell as3D cutting technique,3D rigid registration and geometric transformation technologies,satisfying the basic preoperative and postoperative data processing requirements fairly well.