Research On The Modeling And Simulation Thechnology Of Human Leg For Robot Assisted Orthopedic Surgery

During these years, the computer aided medical orthopedic technology, in which virtual surgery is its main research area, has received more and more attention from numerous scholars and research institutes, and has been widely applied in various clinical aspects. As a part of the project of National"863"project"The key technology of medical tele-robot and system development"and National Natural Science Foundation of China"Modeling and control scheme research of Robot assisted orthopedic system", this paper intends to analyze the biomechanical characteristics of human leg in orthopedic surgery through developing a numeric human leg model, which provides a key means for surgical training and surgical rehearse. And this model can be used to improve operator's learning curve and success ratio of the surgery.Based on the introduction of the detraction mechanism and methods for fractured tibia and fibula, the surgery related tissue in human leg is analyzed one by one. Depending on their anatomical structure and biomechanical characteristics, key bones and muscles in detraction operation is figured out, which not only provides a clear targets for the next 3D reconstruction and finite element analysis, but also simplifies the model.Based on anatomical shape of every tissue in human leg, this paper finishes the segmentation and fill of preprocessed CT images, then adopts the high accuracy, low computation algorithm--Marching Cubes for 3D reconstruction of bones and skin. Considering the next Finite Element Analysis, this paper implements Progressive Mesh for optimizing the geometry model. A lot of redundancy data is cut off, while the quality is guarantied.Upon the reconstructed key tissue models, this paper built the finite element model of bone, skin and part of soft tissues through a down to up way. While the quality of CT images is too poor to reconstruct the geometry model of muscle, this paper presents a novel muscle model, both the biomechanical chrematistics of tendon and micro structure of muscle fibers are considered. The materials properties of components in the Finite Element Model are obtained from reference At last, a cadaver experiment is conducted to validate this model.