Experimental Research On Implicit Strategy Using Group And Strategy-using Guidance Groups At Different Process Of Solving The Balls And Boxes Puzzle And The Age Of Acquisition Effect Of Implicit Learning Strategy

Learning strategy is defined as effective procedure, rule, method, skill or regulationthat is evolved in learning process. It involves implicit learning rule system as well asexplicit method, procedure or operation. Implicit learning strategy shares the generalfeatures of implicit learning, which is automatic, unconsciousness and high efficiency, andimplicit learning strategy can turn to be conscious under strategy-using guidance. Theresearch examines implicit strategy using group(called implicit group) and strategy-usingguidance groups(called explicit group) at different process of solving the adapted Balls andBoxes puzzle and the Age of Acquisition effect of implicit learning strategy. Firstly, theresearch compares the difference of strategy using among4groups, that is, implicit groupis the one that use implicit learning strategy all the time with no strategy guidance at all.Explicit group includes3groups, each is given strategy guidance respectively rightbefore the first time、the second time and the third time of solving the Balls and Boxespuzzle. After each time of problem solving, the participants are asked to report how theysolve the problem so that we can examine if they acquire strategy implicitly.Participants from grade three,five and garde seven are researched to examine the Ageof Acquisition effect of implicit learning strategy in the second research based on the sameBalls and Boxes puzzle material.The main results of this research are as followings：1. Adapted Balls and Boxes puzzle is novel and interesting to children, which isappropriate to research the implicit learning strategy in problem solving.2. No significant difference between implicit group and explicit group on overalltime and overall moves taken to solve the puzzle is found, which represents the implicitgroup efficiency of using strategy is the same with that of explicit group, whereas implicitstrategy requires no effort or less effort.thus we can come to the conclusion that implicit strategy is better than explicit learning strategy. However, explicit learning strategy isbetter than implicit strategy in the Final Path period.3. There is significant problem solving period effect on overall time and moves takento solve the puzzle. The overall time is significantly less for the second time and third timethan that for the first time of each group respectively, and the overall moves aresignificantly less for the third time than that for the first time of each group respectively.Ingeneral, the overall time and moves tend to decrease along with problem solving times,which we call time efficacy. The research finds that both the implicit and explicit grouphave time efficacy.4. None-reverse moves in the second half of exploration period are less than that inthe first half which shows Implicit strategy is generated and used with insight. The finalpath is the main period of insight5. Different period of guiding strategy leads to different effects: guiding strategyright before the first time of solving problem(the first group) is the worst and guidingstrategy right before the second time of solving problem(the second group) is the best,guiding strategy right before the third time falls between.6. No significant overall time and moves effect between each grade, which indicatesthat implicit strategy isn’t affected by age. There is no Age of Acquisition Effect.