| Citizen-managed teachers have appeared as a special group in the long history of China. From its generation, development to the eventual change in the identity of these teachers, each stage has its specific meaning. This thesis researches on the potential impulse and mechanism to bring about the change. The author proposes the inherent relations among the nation, collectives and individual citizen-managed teacher in the four different historical stage result in this change.By choosing five citizen-managed teachers from the western villiages and combining the current history background, the author studies the problems such as the reason for the generation of this group, the existence, the adjustment and the eventual change of the identity from the perspective of the bottom. The change is a process of emphasis on the change of national affairs managed by the citizen to the nation, extra-budgetary to regular-budgetary. The impetus is the change of the management authority on rural education of the nation and collectives in different stage. The history of the change of the identity witnesses the economy development course of new China. Citizen-managed teachers are the witnesses of the modernization of education and the pushers to the further step towards the modernization targets.Firstly, the generation of this group results from the negotiation of three aspects:the ideological propaganda from the nation, the decision of the production brigade and the individuals’ acts. After a deep study, the phenomenon of the individual obeying the arragement is responsible for the absense of management authority of the nation to the rural area at the early days of new China and the production brigade emerging as the role to authorize. Secondly, the existence of the group is fully detailed by analyzing the development, transformation and the power of the individual citizen-managed teacher under the current history background. It reveals that all these deeds were influenced mutually by the nation and collectives. The ideology of the rural enducation was dominated more strongly by the nation, while the collectives still owned the decision power. Thirdly, the change of the identity at the days of reform and opening-up era, the administration and the rectification to the group by the nation suggest that the nation authority had more influence to the rural education. The management authority of the collective began to remove to the nation, thus part of the citizen-managed teachers was changed as the public-managed teachers. Lastly, the settlement of problem of the citizen-managed teacher made the identity change from the civil to pubilc. In this stage, the nation had absolute management authority to the rural education and the authority of the collectives was totally or partly removed. As a result, the change of the identity got the acknowledgement from the nation, The thesis has a great significance to the acquaitance with the history of the education development objectively. |
