Study On Employment Pressure Problems Of Agriculture Gradutaes

Abstract:In recent years, with the unceasing increase of college graduates, employment difficulty has become an indisputable fact. Faced with the fierce competition in the job hunting market, college students are under stronger employment pressure, which attracts the attention of many scholars. Previous studies show that agricultural graduates face more challenges and pressure on job-hunting when compared with graduates from other disciplines. However, researches on agricultural graduates’ employment pressure mainly focus on proposing macroscopic measures to ease employment pressure.However, only a few studies contain simple description, statistics, and summary on the current employment status of agricultural graduates. A few studies have expressed concern about the pressure and the pressure coping styles of agricultural graduates, until today there is no study which has explored the relationship between them from employment cognition evaluation perspective. The purpose of this study is to compile a questionnaire on employment pressure for graduates, which can provide an effective tool to measure psychological employment pressure. This study also explores the relationship between employment pressure, employment pressure cognitive appraisal and pressure coping styles, so as to provide a theoretical and practical guidance for career guidance and mental health counseling in agricultural institution.Through extensive reference to documents and open interviews, a questionnaire of high reliability and validity was compiled after consulting experts and scholars. This Study launched a survey among agricultural graduates in Huazhong Agricultural University and the Tarim University by questionnaires. The questionnaires contain "Employment cognition evaluation questionnaire" by Wu Minghui (2008),"Employment pressure Coping Style questionnaire" by Luo Xili (2005) and "Graduates employment pressure questionnaire" compiled by myself. After processed the collected data by SPSS17.0and AMOS17.0, the study analyzed the relationship between employment pressure, pressure coping styles and the current situation on employment cognition appraisal, and then it proposed educational suggestions on ease the employment pressure and adjust the pressure coping style. The study result indicates that:(1) the employment pressure on college students are caused by capacity lack, dissatisfaction with the objective environment, inadequate social support, or poor employment prospects.(2)This study has built a reasonable employment pressure structure, and the "graduate employment pressure questionnaire" based on this structure has good reliability and validity, which can be used as an effective tool to measure the graduates’employment pressure.(3) The Agricultural graduates’ average score is in the upper level, and highest score among employment cognition evaluation is challenge evaluation, followed by competency evaluation, and the lowest score is the threat assessment. The scores ranking of employment pressure coping styles from high to low are: positive awareness, collecting employment information, attitude adjustment, self-improvement, seeking help, seeking support, compromise, attention shift, vent and avoidance.(4) Graduates of different gender have significant differences on employment pressure, employment cognition evaluation and self-appreciation, compromise and collecting information. Different school has significant difference on inadequate social support, employment cognitive evaluation, positive understanding, vent and avoidance, self-enhancement, collecting information, seeking help and attitude adjustment. Graduates who have different student leader experiences have significant region difference on inadequate social support and self enhancement; graduates who have different internship experiences have significant differences on employment pressure, self-enhancement and competency evaluation. Graduates under different family conditions have significant differences on the employment prospects of pressures, threats evaluation and attention shifts. Graduates in different employment status have significant differences on capacity lack, inadequate social support, seeking support, collecting employment information, positive awareness and attitude adjustment.(5) There are distinct correlations between employment pressure, employment cognition evaluation and pressure coping styles among agricultural graduates, and the employment cognition evaluation plays an intermediary role between employment pressure and pressure coping styles.