The Research On The Policy Fairness Of Rural Compulsory Education Since16^th CPC National Congress

Since the Sixteenth National Congress of the Communist Party of China (hereinafterreferred to as the16th CPC National Congress), the Chinese Communist Party (hereinafterreferred to as CCP), under the command of Scientific outlook on Development, carried out aseries of policies aimed at promoting education fairly and pushing forward balanceddevelopment of rural compulsory education in order to constructing the new pattern ofintegration of urban-rural economic and social development. Rural compulsory educationpolicy emphasized the fairness which is the inherent requirement of the public-welfare ofeducation, is the key to improve the quality of rural compulsory education in China, and alsois the inevitable requirement to achieve social fairness and justice as well as the equalizationof public services.Since the16th CPC National Congress, on the basis of fairness, the main objective ofrural compulsory education policies is to promote the balanced development of compulsoryeducation, to protect the legitimate rights of the educated to the maximum extent possible andlay a foundation for the next stage of education. Fully promotion of human’s quality in orderto provide adequate human resource to realize the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation.The basic provisions on education investment are as follows:"County Oriented" ruraleducation investment policy should be put into practice, investing more funds in education,improve the security system of funding. owing to the implementation of this policy, tuitionand fees were fully rescinded in rural compulsory education stage; the funds support capacitywas improved, the long-term measures of repair and renovation of primary and secondaryschools in rural areas was implemented, teachers’ salaries are fully protected. China reformedteachers’ training methods and personnel system by various policies, and greatly enhanced thequality of primary and secondary school teachers in rural areas and continuous improveclassroom teaching methods of rural primary and secondary. Regarding enhancing andfostering national spirit as the main task, deepen the educational reform, forming a newsituation of the sustained and healthy development of rural compulsory education.In policy aspect, the fairness of compulsory education in rural area is as follows:the fairness concept and principle, the development principle and objective, the inferiorcompensation principle and orientation as well as people-oriented philosophy. Analyzed ruralcompulsory education policy from these perspectives, education policy fairness mainlyreflected in: a higher degree of compulsory education, the increased funds input and constantly enhanced faculty in rural compulsory education. However, the unfairness ofeducation policy mainly reflected in: the low fund investment in stage of compulsoryeducation as a whole and the huge regional difference of the budgetary per student; big gapbetween urban and rural school conditions; the management of rural teachers should bestrengthened, while there is a certain gap between urban and rural compulsory educationquality.In order to play its functional role in promoting balanced development of ruralcompulsory education, the government should pay more attention on policy fairness, makingreasonable policy objectives and policy schemes, ensuring the development of ruralcompulsory education through scientific decision-making. According to the growth target offund investment in rural compulsory education, the government should optimize the inputstructure and implement standard financial transfer payment policy, narrowing the gapbetween urban and rural school conditions. Strengthen the construction of teaching staff andoptimize the teachers’ selection, training and incentive system, narrowing the differences inregional teacher resources. Establish the concept of quality fairness, and further promote thecurriculum reform to realize sharing educational resources in urban and rural areas supportedby modern information technology.