The Research For Special Fitness Structure And Characteristics Of Foot Orienteering Under The System Approach Theory

Orienteering is a sport both physical and mental. Not only is it a recreational sport, but also a competitive sport。Orienteering dates from European which gone through nearly a hundred years of history, but a new one for China. As China’s national, provincial and municipal Orienteering Championships and college students Orienteering Championships held regularly, University Games will include orienteering for the official event and orienteering related service companies organize activities on a regular basis, especially the effect of the introduction of relevant policies, orientation off-road more and more attention, the competition is becoming increasingly fierce. Currently, colleges and universities’orienteering competitive level basically is on behalf of our highest level. Although, in recent years, orienteering and rapid development in China, but the whole country orienteering competitive level compared with foreign countries, there is a great gap, our orienteering project regularity, grasp the characteristics, the special quality of the structure and training methods and and means at the exploratory stage. How can the success of the game at all levels have become a pressing concern of the college coaches.At present, there are a few of theoretical studies on the special fitness for the orienteering training in China, no more on the experimental data-basing study. This thesis will base on field indicator test as a data source, with the research method of literature, questionnaire survey, expert interviews, scientific methods of mathematical statistics, test data, logical analysis, and on-site observation and so on under the ideological guidance of systems theory, orienteering school team from Central South University be regard as the test object in order to deeply analysis orienteering special quality of the internal structure and characteristics, reveal the essential connotation of orienteering special quality training and guide scientific training. In this paper, a total of Figure4, Table14, Reference43.Primary results and conclusions:1. Through qualitative and quantitative analysis, figuring out9valid test indicators reflecting of orienteering special physically quality level effectively, they are2000m, the ring hillside run for200m, the ring hillside run1200m, line orienteering for4km, line orienteering for10km, long range run for15 km,200m run repeatedly, stands lies the brace, calf raise upright.2. With the mathematical statistics, nominating the constituent elements for each factor:(1) aerobic endurance factor;(2) speed and speed endurance factor;(3) strength endurance factor. Aerobic endurance factor take the "line orienteering10km,15km run" as the directional indicators which constitute40.267%of the total variance contribution rate; speed and speed endurance factor take the "line orienteering4mile","200meters repeatedly","2km as directional indicators which constitutes37.917%of the total variance contribution rate,78.184%for the cumulative contribution rate; the strength endurance indicators are ring hillside run200meters, ring hillside run1200m, stands and lies the brace, calf raise upright, the total variance contribution rate of13.741%and the cumulative contribution rate of91.925%.3. Strength endurance factors include waist strength endurance, ankle strength endurance, leg strength endurance, in addition, according to correlation matrix analysis, pliability and sensitive quality is one of the elements for orienteering specialized training, but not a special orienteering quality training of core content.4. The statistics have demonstrated that orienteering is an aerobic endurance, speed and speed endurance oriented, strength endurance for support sports.