The Research Of The Rural Social Capital’s Transition And Rural Reconstruction’s Method Under The Background Of Rural Tourism

Chinese society:the village society. So called china, it is just three hundred thousands villages.——Liang shuming.This view is Liang Shuming discussing about the rural status. In other words, to understand the course of Chinese society development, it is necessary to start form the countryside which as the foundmation of Chinese society.The latter half of the18th century, rural tourism as an independent tourism project first emerged in Europe. In many countries and regions, the rise of rural tourism had brought for the local good economic benefits. However, in the process of rural tourism’s development, with the increase of rural tourism destinations tourists, the related issues were also increasingly to that stands out on. For example, the problem of land transfer in the pre-construction of rural tourism, the issues of competition between the farmers’ voice and non-voice competition, the destruction of the ecological environment, the rural culture of aliasing and artificial imitation of passive indifference, the negative indifference of the community and even violent confrontation, the problem of rural tourism are random investment and blind development, lead the tripartite or multi-game highlights form the government, the non-governmental.This paper take the research background of rural tourism introduction, take the theory of social capital in economic sociology as research perspective, try to give some proposals about how to choose the path of future local reconstruction.On the one hand, under the premise of social transition, the traditional rural society impact in the process of social structure changes. these problems as country order, economic behavior, social networks, landless peasants are more seriously and become important topic of the sociology research. For changing the current situation of the rural community, especially with the economic development and social changes as well as government and public authority intervention, the rural order and rural economic behavior embedded in the social behavior of the trend will be more obvious. Social capital, as a high-level overview of the theoretical paradigm; which generally present in the relationship of social networks, can be invested and used by actors, is a social resource in order to achieve their own goals.On the other hand, owing to the Social capital theory research the social networks, community norms, trust and reciprocity, as well as the interpersonal effects on economic activity which established on the basis of these, so using the social capital theory to research the problems of the country rebuild, will bring more effective and innovative.This paper synthesize the views of the existing literature, start from the new rural tourism projects of Xiangfen County in Shanxi Province. By reference the social capital Perspective of sociology, this research explores the changes of the rural social capital, in the context of the development of rural tourism and discuss the influences of these changes and the choice of path of country rebuild in the future. Through analysis, this paper make these conclusions as follows:(1) For china in transition, at the process of the rural tourism constructing under the background of new rural construction, to the time sequence, the social capital in rural areas has greatly changed.(2) By trust analysis on the Xiangfen County rural social capital, the research find its’internal high degree of trust, and local residents have the low level of trust in foreign investors and government. This is not conducive to the reconstruction of the local order.(3) Local residents for the norms of reciprocity in geopolitical and kinship is based on moral reciprocity norms, lacks the contractual specifications which can promote change in the local order. In the face of government and foreign investors, owing to the low level of trust, so there are only the low level of cooperation between the local residents and the government, the foreign investors.(4) In xiangfen County, the social network structure establish on the vertical network structure as a link in the geographical, kinship. The network elements is relatively simple. With the development of rural tourism, the level of cooperation with external is enhanced, the numbers of network elements increase, social networks became more complex. This play a huge role in promoting the reconstruction of the local order.(5) As the changing of the various elements in the village social capital and social capital, the existing order in the country has undergone great changes. (6) To promote the further development of rural tourism, these reconstruction path may be selected in the future:Firstly, by increasing rural residents of the right to political participation, promote rural residents having more rights to speak during the construction of rural tourism.Secondly, by restructuring the system construction, solve the problems of the "landless peasants" leaded by the rural tourism development, and provide more roads to employment.Lastly, through the reconstruction of the role of government and rural residents, promote better development of rural tourism.