The Japan’s Policy Of Vulnerable Groups And Its Implication For Chinese Policy

Japan is a country of frequent natural disasters, the aging society is developing rapidly, the disabled population is numerous, and the homeless problem seriously, so the number and proportion of vulnerable groups in Japan are very high, and the housing problems of vulnerable groups are quite severe. In view of this situation, the Japanese government has taken positive, effective ways to solve the problem of Vulnerable Groups Living well-being. Although in recent years, Japan’s economy fell into recession; the Japanese government still does not neglect to pay attention to the living well-being problems of vulnerable groups. According to the residential well-being problems of vulnerable groups, the government not only developed the relevant support policy, but also increased the mutual cooperation between the fund and the government’s efforts. Especially the public housing and social housing and finance system has played an invaluable role on improve housing of vulnerable groups, which is a big step forward of the ideal "home ownership".Moreover, the Japanese government has different policies for vulnerable groups, such as victims, homeless, the elderly, the disabled, the target is very strong, the effect is also very significant.The Japanese government housing well-being policy for the support of victims is mainly reflected in the three level of living system construction, from the temporary shelters, emergency temporary houses, to permanent residence, timely and effectively safeguard the various stages of the living rights of victims, and each period of living facilities have strict standards, which prevent the occurrence of secondary injury. As to the post disaster reconstruction of housing or renting, the government also has the corresponding preferential policies for victims; these policies meet the requirements of multi-level, diversified of living.The homeless in Japan mainly live near the large park bring great impact on the surrounding environment and residents, which causing the multiparty confrontation among surrounding residents, the homeless, park managers and government, also caused a lot of public order problems and environmental problems. In order to solve the tense situation, the Japanese government has adopted a flexible policy, the government in the name of the third party grantee the leasing of excess housing to the homeless, the government pays most of the rent, and the local social groups and corporations provide job opportunities for the homeless, which solve the housing well-being of homeless fundamentally.The homeless in Japan mainly live near the large park bring great impact on the surrounding environment and residents, which causing the multiparty confrontation among surrounding residents, the homeless, park managers and government, also caused a lot of public order problems and environmental problems. In order to solve the tense situation, the Japanese government has adopted a flexible policy, the government in the name of the third party grantee the leasing of excess housing to the homeless, the government pays most of the rent, and the local social groups and corporations provide job opportunities for the homeless, which solve the housing well-being of homeless fundamentally.At the same time, Japan is a country with a high degree of aging, the elderly over the age of65take the proportion of17%in2000,20.1%in2007, and is expected to reach33.7%in2035, and this figure will reach40.3%in2055. Japan’s aging population has brought new challenges to housing benefits and many other works, in order to respond to the problems of an aging society, the Japanese government has issued many policy measures to protect the Elderly Living well-being, let them living with dignity, energetic and secure.To sum up, the Japanese government housing well-being policy for vulnerable groups has played a positive effect, which is worthy of reference. Since the80’s housing reform of our country, some problems in the development of housing market are gradually exposed. The gap between the rich and the poor residents increasingly apparently, especially since2000with the rapid rise in prices, which has caused a lot of discussion about housing, especially the housing problem of vulnerable groups. The situation in China is similar with Japan, and China is still at the beginning stage, so it is necessary to compare the Japanese living in the well-being of the successful experience and failure lesson, which can provides the reference for the formulation, and implementation of our housing well-being policy.With the flourishing development of our socialist construction, the country have the power and responsibility to solve the residential well-being of vulnerable groups, this is decided by the socialist essence, but also an inevitable trend of social development. These problems only rely on the strength of the market is very difficult to achieve, so the government must use the macro regulation and administrative means to enforce, and give preferential on tax, supported by the policy, and protected by means of law. The government should play full role of the non-profit organization, increase local decentralization efforts, and arouse folk capital, to solve the problem of Living well-being of Chinese Vulnerable Groups.