"Suddenly" Usage And Evolution

In this paper，based on the“一下子”as the main research object,we mainlydiscuss the syntactic distributions, semantic meanings and pragmatic functions oftwo different“一下子”, and make a comparative study on the differences betweenthe two,finally explore the Grammaticalization of“一下子”.Except the introductionand conclusion,the full text is divided into four chapters.The first chapter mainly defines two different“一下子”and studies the usageof the“一下子1”. Through the examples, from the three aspects of nature,semantics and syntax to define the two different“一下子”in modern Chineselanguage.Using of syntactic, semantic, pragmatic three plane theory of Chinesegrammar to study“一下子1”.The second chapter focuses on excavating the usage of“一下子2”from threeaspects of the syntax, semantics and pragmatics. The main syntactic function of“一下子2”is used as adverbial. From the view of the one with the Verb phrases,Adjective phrases, Dynamic two-type word phrases and The form of small sentencesfour kinds of collocational restrictions, we focus on describing and analyzing thesyntactic environment of“一下子2”; The basic grammatical meaning of“一下子2”is“short”, meanwhile it contains a variety of additional grammaticalmeanings; And it is discovered that there ia a gradual change in the development ofthe semantic features of“一下子2”，that is the [+number] disappearing, the [+momentum] reducing, the [+time] highlighting,which is the result of interactionbetween syntax and semantic change of“一下子2”;“一下子2”with subjectivity,has subjective modality; When several used together as adverbial it can strengthenthe negative tone.The third chapter focuses on the differences between“一下子”and“一下”.From the three aspects of the comparison of time differences, syntactic distributiondifferences and the new development of each other, we in order to reveal thedifferences of the two and define the two parts of speech. Based on these, it is discovered that“一下”appeared earlier than“一下子”; the main syntacticfunction of“一下”is used as complement, but the main syntactic function of“一下子”is used as adverbial; The two have subtle differences in the complement andadverbial; The new development of“一下”is act as a complement after Noun,“一下子”followed by a comma, separates from the predicate center further;“一下”isdefined as a quasi-adverb, but“yixiazi”has completely evolved into time adverb,even toward the development of the discourse marker“一下子3”.The fourth chapter focuses on the grammaticalization of“一下子”. Byexamining the usages of“一下子”in ancient literatures, we demonstrate itsgrammaticalization process; From its semantic and syntactic environment tointerpretate the grammaticalization motives of“一下子”；According to thetheories of the reanalysis and analogy, metaphor, cognitive subjectivity to analysethe mechanisms of“一下子”.