NIR Honeysuckle Hill Yinhua Herbs And Rapid Detection And Quality Evaluation

Total5species of Lonicera Linn, included in the Chinese Pharmacopoeia2010edition, i.e. L. japonica Thunb., L. hypoglauca Miq., L.confusa DC., L. fulvotomentosa Hsu et S.C.Cheng and L. macranthoides Hand.-Mazz, which are classified two different Chinese medicine. The dried buds of L. japonica Thunb. is called Lonicerae japonicae Flos (Jinyinhua in Chinese), and the dried buds of other4species are called Lonicerae Flos (Shanyinhua in Chinese). In particularly, because of different species in Lonicerae Flos, there are substantial differences in their appearance and content of main active components. Modern analysis method such as High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC), usually have many disadvantages including tedious sample preparation procedures, time-consuming, labor-intensive and consumption of organic solvent. In this case, we focus on developing a new method which is rapid and green for quantitative analysis of different species in Lonicerae japonicae Flos and Lonicerae Flos in whole China.The advantages of NIR include fast, nondestructive, reagent free and requiring minimal or no sample preparation. NIR spectroscopy has been shown to be a powerful tool for qualitative and quantitative analysis in many fields, which provides guidance for fast quality detection. In addition, based on a large number of Lonicerae japonicae Flos and Lonicerae Flos samples, quality assessment was studied by analysis on producing areas and processing methods. And the difference between contents of organic acids, flavonoids, saponins within5species was studied. At last, from two aspects of chemical and molecular level, cluster analysis of different species was researched. The main research results were list as follows:(1) In our work, a total of290representative samples for5species in Lonicera Linn, are collected from genuine producing areas in China. As a result, a sample database of Lonicerae japonicae Flos and Lonicerae Flos is established. Then, synergy interval partial least square (SiPLS) method is performed for the selection of optimal spectral interval towards different species and active components, i.e. chlorogenic acid (CA), isochlorogenic acid A (3,5-DCA), and isochlorogenic acid C (4,5-DCA). Furthermore, the characteristic models including local model which is based on each species and global model which is based on entire species of Lonicerae Flos are developed by SiPLS and optimized by widening the concentration range of validation sets. Eventually, combining NIR spectroscopy with chemometrics, it is realized that the goal of quantitative analysis for entire species in Lonicerae japonicae Flos and Lonicerae Flos rapidly and greenly.(2) A total of Lonicerae Flos220samples were analyzed by HPLC-ELSD, the method refers to the Chinese Pharmacopoeia2010edition. The results show that, the saponin contents of Lonicerae Flos are very high. And content of macranthoidin B exceeds13%, while dipsacoside14%. There is difference in4species of Lonicerae Flos.(3) The organic acid (chlorogenic acid, isochlorogenic acid A, isochlorogenic acid C), flavonoids (rutin, quercetin, luteolin) and saponins (macranthoidin B, dipsacoside B) were taken as the index ingredients. Quality assessment of Lonicerae japonicae Flos and Lonicerae Flos in different producing areas and with various processing methods was studied. For Lonicerae japonicae Flos, the results indicate that producing areas have little effect on the quality of diploid Lonicerae japonicae Flos. For Lonicerae Flos, the result indicates that quality of L. hypoglauca in Mashan county is relatively better than Xincheng. In the same manner, L. macranthoides produced in Xiushan is better than Longhui and Xupu county. Modern processing method such as kill-enzyme torrefaction and fixing machine drying are better than traditional processing method such as simple oven drying and sun drying. However, they have little effect on saponin content of Lonicerae Flos.(4) Principal component analysis showed that5species can be distinguished. Rutin, luteolin, quercetin and dipsacoside B was regarded as characteristic components and have a highly positive correlation.(5) Making use of cluster analysis and EST-SSR, the distance in different species was studied. The results showed that there is a closer relationship between L. macranthoides and L. confusa, then L. hypoglauca. However, chemical cluster analysis showed that the furthest distance exits between L. fulvotomentosa and other4species, while EST-SSR showed that exits between L.japonica and other4species.