Protection Course And Current Budapest Historic Urban Landscapes

With the rapid spread of urbanism and the diversification of urban functions, nowadays, cultural heritages in urban area are facing a terrible threat. The term of historic urban landscape is a new concept put forward by UNESCO in the Vienna Memorandum in2005, aiming to emphasizing the cultural heritage protection under a more extensive urban background and a certain geographical environment, and running the management work with a sustainable aspect.In the year of1987, Budapest became one of the UNESCO world heritages, which is the beginning of the urban heritage protection of this city. Comparing to those west European countries, the cultural heritage protection in Hungary started a little later, meanwhile, it developed speedily, with a distinct characteristic of east and central European cultural context. Since then, even if the concept of historic urban landscape is not formed yet, most of the measures come out for protection Budapest’s urban heritage have followed the principle of integrity and sustainability, which meets exactly the concept of historic urban landscape later, leading the entire city structure of Budapest getting preserved under modernization.Based on the heritage protection history in Hungary and a brief description of Budapest world heritage site, this thesis mainly focuses on interpreting all the different procedures on protecting and managing Budapest historic urban landscape. Afterwards, a comprehensive evaluation is given on these measures, including advantages worth followed and disadvantages which we should try to avoid in the heritage protection in China. The aim of this research is, by summarizing the historic urban landscape protection in Budapest, to broaden the horizon of Chinese study on the area concerned and to offer a practical material for the further research on historic urban landscape.There are five chapters in total in this thesis. The first chapter is introduction, containing the conceptual social background of historic urban landscape, the process of emphasizing by the UNESCO, the literature review on the subject, together with the object, the methodology and the meaning of this investigation.Chapter two starts with an analyze of Hungarian world heritage protection history; and then there is a brief description of Budapest world heritage, including the Danube River Banks, the Buda Castle Quarter, Andrassy Avenue and the underground, ending with a interpretation on the landscape integrity of Budapest city.The third chapter is a summary of different procedures on protecting and managing Budapest historic urban landscape. It is divided into five parts:the restoration of living houses in the protection area, the protection of the profound architectures, the building up of public space, the renovation of historic districts and the theoretical exchange and regional cooperation.Chapter four is the enlightenment we get from Budapest experience, containing the integrity of world heritage during application, the stress on the concept of landscape, the successive heritage management and the participation of the public.The fifth chapter is the conclusion part for reemphasizing the necessity of historic urban landscape and the prediction on the certain improvement in China.