| In the Early Nanking Government Period, Chiang Kai-shek wanted to obtain the support from the Kuomingtang senior members, then make sure himself are in prime position on Legally Constituted Authority. So that he use the power of the new government’s education as leverage to produce\reach a political agreement with Zhang Jingjiang, Cai Yuan-pei, Woo Ching-hui and Li Shih-tseng,who were known as the Kuomintang Four veterans. After mastered the power, they launched a nationwide education reform, and attempted this reform to achieve the purpose of Academic Salvation. But, things go contrary to their wishes, later in the process of implementation, they gradually fall into partisan struggle, and thus triggered a wave o countless.The unrest of Peking University, National Labor University, and Central University was due to conflicts between these four, as well as the process of their power from prosperous to decline in education. So that, in this paper based the predecessors’ research, takes these three schools’student unrest from1928to1930as the research object, author makes Woo Ching-hui as the breakthrough point to discuss Woo’s position and role in these three student unrest. What’s more, makes an in-depth exploration about the forces change of the Early Nanking Government Period and the relationship between scholars and state.The first part of the article introduces the relationship between the four before the Northern Expedition and how they grab the power of education. During the Northern Expedition, the four reached a political agreement with Chiang Kai-shek, that help Chiang pitch the Purging the KMT and facilitate greatly the Ning-Han Collaboration to provide the economic and consensus support, and then use their connections and positions as members of Central Vigilance Commission helping Chiang draw KMT mayors over to operate Chiang’s seizing power as legalization. In exchange, the Four won the education of the new government. Form the second part to the fourth part, the article introduces the contradiction between the Four and the power struggle behind the unrest in these three schools and Woo’s mediation in these events. As the rule of the Kuomintang gradually established across the country, the Four began to compete for the mew areas of education resources. The formerly buddy gradually became the enemy. Woo accommodated because of his detached position, but actually, even Woo Ching-hui was neutral on the surface, he took side with Li Shih-tseng and opposed to Cai’s party. Finally, the relationship between four people exploded, with that University Institute and University District had been bankrupt. After this, under Chiang’s tightly forced, the Four’s divisions and crashing down couldn’t be changed, The Four’s endeavor came to naught, and then dimly slowly faded out of education.All in all, Woo Ching-hui depended on his own academic prestige and political resources to act as mediator in the several student unrests, made up the education system itself lack and deficiency in handing such matters. At this time, China’s modern national construction had just started, Rule By Men rather than Rule By Law was an abnormal phenomenon to the Nanking National Government’s power constitution, the transfer of education power involved the political wrangling and current situation changes. This political ideology which regards power as the fulcrum is quite unstable, needing human to step in. For this, Woo Ching-hui can be the accommodator, however, also because of this that Woo’s role of mediation was just temporary, the contradiction between every parties and the competition of power had no way to completely solved, which fully exposed the difficulties in education during the period when political system is unsound. |
