The Development Of Modern Mining And Metallurgical Industry In The Late Qing Dynasty In Hunan(1895-1911)

Hunan is rich in mineral resources, is the famous "home of non-ferrous metals". Hunan since ancient times, the mining industry exists, but only by mining and smelting of ores, very limited, small scale, low efficiency. Until the middle of Qing Dynasty, Hunan mineral resources and huge potential economic value has not been found. Starting from the eighteen sixties, in the study of ideological trend to the western drive, especially in the Wu Xu reform movement in Hunan has changed in the past, conservative; occlusion of the face, into a province was the most vigorous. Hunan modern industry started the founder of the most productive and occupies an important position among the Hunan mining and metallurgy industry.In1895Chen Baozhen appointed governor of Hunan, vigorously promote the Hunan new deal, especially founded the Hunan Mining Bureau, was a prelude to the Hunan mining industry modernization. Hunan modern mining industry in the effective supervision of Mining Administration, to the rapid development, especially the lead-zinc mine and Antimony to be attached importance to and vigorously develop, through improved technology, standardized management, production scale and efficiency is greatly improved. At the same time, the smelting industry also development, through smelting purification, to obtain greater economic value. In early twentieth Century, the imperialist powers invaded Hunan economy gradually deepened, especially coveted Hunan rich mineral resources. Established in1903Hunan Mining Corporation and mining regulations promulgated, effectively resist the imperialist plunder of Hunan mineral rights mining rights, protection and promotion of the development of Hunan mining industry. People in Hunan and foreign business profit of mining struggle, showed a heroic spirit, to achieve the "Save the rights, to resist foreign aggression", made the protection of mining rights victory.