Research On Celadon Of The Song Dynasty With The Black Body And Multilayer Glaze Unearthed From Zhejiang Province

Mature celadon has already been invented in Zhejiang Province at the late Eastern Han Dynasty. While the body material has been used a unitary recipe which is called porcelain stone, and the glaze has also been a single-layer transparent glaze over nine centuries since the invention of celadon. But no later than the early Southern Song Dynasty, there’s a new style celadon with the black body and multilayer glaze appeared in Zhejiang Province. Its body material uses a binary recipe which mixes porcelain stone with purple soil. Its glaze has a multilayered structure due to glazing and firing a couple of times. And they can be found in the kilns of Cixi, Longquan and Hangzhou. In this paper, the author analyses these celadon of the Song Dynasty with black body and multilayer glaze by using various means on the basis of archaeology, and also combs some questions related to the firing age, the characteristics of body and glaze, the firing process and its inheritance and development.First, the introduction section of this article introduces the origin of topics and significance of the study, and reviews the research status of kilns related to the subject briefly, and also describes the methods and means used in this research.Then, the author introduces the location of kilns and excavation profiles, as well as the characteristics of the relics, and discusses the age and the nature of the product through the archaeological research of these black body celadon kilns of the Song Dynasty in Zhejiang Province. The author considers that there has been the product of such features in Zhejiang Province no later than the early Southern Song Dynasty, and a close relationship with the Southern Song Court.Finally, the author tests and analyses the major and minor chemical composition and the microstructure of the celadon with black body and multilayer glaze by using a variety of scientific and technological means of detection, such as energy dispersive X-ray fluorescence, optical microscope and scanning electron microscopy. The test results show that the chemical composition of celadon of the three regions has a certain difference due to the difference of the geological environment, but it has always belong to southern system compared with northern materials which have higher content of aluminum and lower content of silicon. And the chemical composition of their glaze is more similar. Moreover, the glaze layer has the same microstructure. And there is fundamental difference in the process with northern celadon. So the author believes that celadon with black body and multilayer glaze is an innovative technology of the ancient kilns of Zhejiang province, and that the Southern Song Guan ware is more influenced by the local porcelain technology system of Zhejiang province, not a very close relationship with the Northern celadon.