The Longquan Kiln Guanyao Of The Southern Song Dynasty Comparative Study

The development of porcelain reached its zenith in the Song Dynasty(960AD-1279AD), when many new kilns were established. As the representative of celadon-producing kiln in the Southern Song period, Longquan yao and Guan yao not only produced high-quality porcelain, but also opened up a new realm for ceramics aesthetics.The identification of porcelain itself is a well-grounded research. The ancient porcelain excavated during the period provide us a great opportunity to see a rich variety celadon. So the most reliable method until so far is to borrow the discoveries of excavation as reference. But in fact, there are also many celadon have been not discovered from kiln sites, tombs and so on. Therefore the paper intends to combine with the archeologist method. The method I am proposing is founded on the theory of W. Engene Kleinbaue and Wylie Sypher. There are both internal and external aspects to recognize the characteristics of each artifact, which are raw material, craftsmanship, patterns and designs, background, style, relationship and connotation.Through the comparison of raw material, craftsmanship and modeling between Longquan celadon and Guan celadon in the Southern Song, the results show:Both body use binary formula, but the technique of Longquan yao does not originate from Guan yao, it has a close relationship with Yue yao. Longquan yao adheres to traditional ceramics of south, Guan yao combines craftsmanship of north and south. Longquan yao does not simple imitate Guan yao, its change is a comprehensive result of Market Demand and Technologic Transfer. Cater to the needs of social and aesthetic is the fundamental motivation.The study aims to compare the characteristics of material, craftsmanship and modeling, explore the relationship between Longquan yao and Guan yao in the Southern Song period. The results of the study can be used as helpful reference to identify the ancient porcelain.