The Sentence-final Paticle Lai In Qingxu Dialect

The sentence-final particle lai is a word with dialect characteristics; it no longerexists in modern Chinese mandarin, but still active in different dialect regions. In thedialect area of Qing xu， through collection and analysis of corpora, we thinksentence-final particle lai has its unique characteristics, and we study thesecharacteristics as our research cut point. This thesis aims to analyze the using ofsentence-final particle lai in Qingxu dialect in full aspects to provide a new perspectivefor the study of the mandarin and the dialects.First of all, this thesis depicts the position of lai in a sentence to make us clear thatthe character of lai is a sentence-final particle. The predecessors give very detailedclassification of lai, but it might not accord with Qingxu dialect. Therefore, we combinewith its functional meaning, referring to the predecessors’ methods, and finally makeclassification of the sentence-final particle lai in Qingxu dialect.Secondly, this thesis respectively emphasizes lai in two categories. The main usageof the sentence-final particle lai is a situation auxiliary word, so I focus more ondescribing the come into being and development, function and meaning of the situationauxiliary word, the comparison with the similar function words in mandarin, someforms related with lai, and the further development of lai lai zhe. Through the detaileddescription analysis and comparison, we have a deeper understanding of the situationauxiliary word lai.The usage of lai as a modal particle is the sentence-final particle lai’s another usage.Although the modal particle lai also has modal meaning, we think the modal meaning isnot its main usage, so we choose lai which only has modal meaning to classify. We alsostudy modal particle lai from some aspects, such as its come into being anddevelopment, the restrictions and functional meaning when using.At present the study of dialect lai which is different from mandarin focuses on itsdevelopment of grammaticalization, while the researchers rarely focus on thesynchronic development. So how to use it, especially in Qingxu dialect, whether itsusage will meet some limitations becomes a good topic. Lai still exists some otherrelated forms in Qingxu dialect, although we can find lai has some similar usages inother dialects, yet these related forms cannot copy. When talk about lai and qu, we knowit is a pair of antonym. There exists asymmetric in mandarin the same as Qingxu dialect,which did not involved previously. In the predecessors’ study, they attribute lai to modalparticle, while we can see the usage of the modal particle lai and the situation particlelai is almost the same. The modal particle lai’s meaning is amplified. In this paper themodal particle lai and the situation particle lai are totally different. The purpose of thispaper is to explore the unique features of sentence-final particle lai in Qingxu dialect based on the predecessors’ research.