Experimental Study Of Preventive And Therapeutic Effect Of Gualouxiaopi Particles On Hyperplasia Of Mammary Glands

Objective: To investigate the effects and mechanisms of GuaLouXiaoPiparticles（GLXP） on hyperplasia of mammary glands. To provide experimental basisfor the further development of GLXP becoming a new drug for hyperplasia ofmammary glands and theretical basis for a wide range of clinical application.Methods:1.60virgin female SD rats were randomized divided into6groups:controlgroup,model group,RuPiXiao（RPX） group（0.48g/kg）, high dosage ofGLXP（8.6g/kg）,middle dosage of GLXP（4.3g/kg）and low dosage ofGLXP（2.2g/kg）,10in each. In addition to the control group, the rats in other5groupswere treated with benzoate estradiol（0.5mg/kg） and progesterone（4mg/kg）subcutaneous injection to duplicate the model of hyperplasia of mammary glands. Therats in control group were giving the same solvent for30days. From the41st days,the rats in control group and model group were received distilled water, the rats inother groups were respectively administrated by corresponding medicines, all for30days. Except the control group, the rats in other5groups continued to be treated withbenzoate estradiol（0.5mg/kg） subcutanous injection every other day at a time.Observe the general conditions of the rats, determine the weight once a week;thebreasts of the rats were observed,the height and diameter of the third nipples weremeasured with digital caliper, the index of the mammary gland and uterus werecalculated, the concentrations of estradiol （E₂）, prolactin （PRL）,progesterone （P）and testosterone（T） in serum were detected, pathological changes of mammary gland tissue were observed with optical microscope and study the change of estradiolreceptor （ER） and progesterone receptor （PR） by immunohistochemical method.2.49virgin female rabbits were randomized divided into7groups:controlgroup,model group,RPX group（0.28g/kg）, high dosage of GLXP（10g/kg）,middledosage of GLXP（3g/kg）, low dosage of GLXP（1g/kg）and aqueous extract ofGLXP（3g/kg）,7in each. In addition to the control group, the rats in other6groupswere treated with benzoate estradiol（0.25mg/kg） and progesterone（1mg/kg）subcutaneous injection to duplicate the model of hyperplasia of mammary glands. Therabbits in control group were giving the same solvent for30days. From the31st days,the rabbits in control group and model group were received distilled water, the rabbitsin other groups were respectively administrated by corresponding medicines,all for30days. Except the control group, the rabbits in other6groups continued to be treatedwith benzoate estradiol（0.25mg/kg） subcutaneous injection every other day at a time.Observe the general conditions of the rabbits, determine the weight once a week; thebreasts of the rabbits were observed,the height and diameter of the third nipples weremeasured with digital caliper, the index of the mammary gland and uterus werecalculated, the concentrations of estradiol （E₂）, prolactin （PRL）, progesterone （P）and testosterone（T） in serum were detected,the blood rheology was measured andpathological changes of mammary gland tissue were observed with opticalmicroscope.Results:1. Compared with the control group,The nipples were erect,solid and congestive,theheight and diameter of nipples were markedly augmented（P<0.01）, the level of E₂and PRL were increased （pg/ml, uIU/ml,24.95±7.59vs74.26±19.12，262.62±55.34vs405.40±83.93，P<0.01）, but the concentration of P and T weredecreased（ng/ml,ng/ml,3.76±0.87vs2.22±0.82，0.06±0.05vs0.02±0.03，P<0.05～<0.01）, the index of the mammary gland and uterus wereincreased（P<0.01）. The quantity of mammary glands flocculus and mammary glands acinus numbers were increased, duct hyperplasia of mammary glands andbreast ducts cavity secretions were also observed, the expression of estradiolreceptor （ER） and progesterone receptor （PR） increased remarkably in modelgroup rats.（1） Compared with the model group, the height of the third nipples in GLXP eachgroup and RPX group were reduced markedly （P＜0.05～<0.01）,the diameterof the nipples was lessened in GLXP high and middle dosage and RPXgroups（P＜0.05～<0.01）.（2） Compared with the model group, the level of E₂in GLXP high dosage groupand RPX group were decreased significantly（55.14±16.38,50.83±20.57,P<0.05）,the level of PRL （318.76±88.43,310.67±58.68,300.61±91.94,P<0.05） was decreased and the level of P（3.11±0.80,3.34±1.12,3.21±1.17,P<0.05）was increased significantly in GLXP high and middle dosage andRPX groups.（3） Compared with the model group,the index of the mammary gland was lowerdremarkably in GLXP high and middle dosage and RPX groups （P＜0.05）,theindex of uterus was decreased significantly in GLXP high dosage and RPXgroups （P＜0.05）.（4） Compared with the model group,the pathological changes of mammary glandswas improved in GLXP each group and RPX group,and the expression of ERand PR reduced significantly in GLXP high and middle dosage and RPXgroups.2. Compared with the control group,The nipples were erect, solid and congestive,the height and diameter of nipples were markedly augmented, the level of E₂and PRLwere increased（pmol/L, uIU/ml，90.43±37.79vs871.86±267.44，7.26±1.05vs37.45±12.06,P<0.01）, but the concentration of P and T were decreased（nmol/L, nmol/L，29.38±9.41vs7.55±3.73，1.37±0.43vs0.81±0.09,P<0.01）, the weight and theindex of the mammary gland and uterus were increased（P<0.01）.The quantity ofmammary glands flocculus and mammary glands acinus numbers were increased, duct hyperplasia of mammary glands and breast ducts cavity secretions were also observedin model group rabbits.（1） Compared with the model group, the height of the third nipples wasreduced evidently in GLXP each group and RPX group （P＜0.05～0.01）, the diameter of the nipples was lessened in GLXP high andmiddle dosage, aqueous extract and RPX groups（P＜0.05）.（2） Compared with the model group, the level of E₂was decreased inGLXP high and middle dosage and RPX groups （P＜0.05）,but increasethe level of P obviously （P＜0.05～<0.01）.The level of PRL wasdecreased evidently in GLXP high and middle dosage, aqueous extractand RPX groups（P<0.05～<0.01）.（3） Compared with the model group, the index of the mammary gland waslowed in GLXP high and middle dosage,aqueous extract and RPXgroup,the index of uterus were lowered in GLXP high and middledosage and RPX groups（P＜0.05）.（4） Compared with the model group, the pathomorphology of mammaryglands improved significantly in each group of GLXP and RPX group.Conclusion: Gualouxiaopi particles have a good protective and therapeutic action onhyperplasia of mammary glands, its mechanism may be related to adjusting the levelof sex hormones and reducing the expression of estradiol receptor （ER） andprogesterone receptor （PR）.