A Study On Chemical Constituents Of The Leaves Of Nerium Indicum Mill

Nerium indicum is an ornamental plant that is widely distributed in tropical and subtropical regions, also in many places in China. Leaf and stem bark of N. indicum was toxic. It contained many chemical compounds, such as cardiac glycosides, terpenes, alkaloids and flavonoids etc. This plant had varieties of biological activities including cardiac, diuretic, anti-cancer, anti-bacterial, analgesic and remove blood stasis effects. Also, N. indicum had environmental protection and biological control effects, which extracts had stomach and contact toxicity for many insect pests.In this study N. indicum fresh leaves as test material, we analyzed volatile component of N. indicum fresh leaves by GC-MS and isolated the149peaks.104components were identified by using the NIST and Wiley mass spectrometry database to retrieval and identify, which composed90.46%of the volatile constituents. The main constitutes were alkanes (58.25%), alcohols (12.21%), acids (7.76%), olefins (4.12%), esters (2.37%), ketones (3.36%), aldehydes (1.37%), etc. The relative content of13compounds are more than1%, they were norbornane (18.46%), ethylcyclopentane (15.32%), Phytol (10.02%), n-tetratetracontane (6.51%),n-hexadecanoic acid (5.99%),n-nonacosane (4.54%), squalene (2.90%),2-[(2-butylcyclopropyl) methyl]-, methyl ester (1.62%), cyclopentane,1,1,2-trimethyl-(1.61%),(Z,Z,Z)-8,11,14-Eicosatrienoic acid (1.15%), cyclohexane,1,4-dimethyl-, trans-(1.08%) and1,7,7-trimethyl-bicyclo[2.2.1] heptan-2-one (1.01%).Non-volatile components from the leaves of N. indicum were analyzed by LC-MS and isolated the188peaks. According to contrasting database and references,48non-volatile components were Preliminary identified. They were flavonoids and its derivatives, alkaloids, cardiac glycosides, etc. In these analysis results, Quercetin, kaempferol, rutin, oleaside A, adynerin and digitoxigenin had been isolated from N. indicum by the references, the other compounds still needed further study to identify.The leaves of N. indicum were extracted by methanol, and then silica gel, polyamide column and sephadex column chromatography were used to isolate and purify the extract. On the basis of nuclear magnetic resonance technology, the chemical structures of three purified compounds were elucidated as:quercetin3-O-robinobioside (1), rutin (2) and oleandrin (3). Quercetin3-O-robinobioside was isolated from N. indicum for the first time. The results of the investigation were expected to enrich the database of natural products, to afford the scientific basis of screening of new medicines and the application in other areas, and to help the utilization of the Nerium indicum resources.