| ObjectiveGenerally considered that Parkinson’s disease, Huntington’s disease,Tourette’s syndrome, schizophrenia and other neuropsychiatric diseases maycause changes in striatal morphology. Therefore, by study of the normalcorpus striatum morphological, not only is advantageous to the thoroughunderstand corpus striatum normal shape and the data, and provide anatomyfoundation for the clinical practice, but also is helpful to early diagnoses ofthe disease, prognoses and evaluate therapeutic effection.In recent years, with the rapid development of the sectional imaginganatomy and medical imaging technology, Many scholars had in-depthdiscussions on the relevance of the morphological change of corpus striatumand above disease. However, due to the different object of study, researchmethods, sample size, the results are not consistent, unable to form a unifiedand convincing standard.So, to some extent, the application of the researchresults in the practice of clinical diagnosis and treatment has been limited. Based on this, in this study, through the acquisition of healthy adult livingdonor striatum magnetic resonance images, the data about the striatumvolume, area, linear indicators was measured, which based on sectionalanatomy studies of the corpus striatum. Then comparatived studies the crosssections and the MRI observation data, and discussed the change rule andsignificance in sections and MRI of the corpus striatum, to provide valuableinformation for healthy adults in striatal morphology data standards, andimprove their application in clinical diagnosis and treatment of relateddiseases. Meanwhile, this study also uses interactive medical image controlsystem （Mimics）10.0which is a three-dimensional medical software,then establishes the visualization three dimensional dynamic model ofcorpus striatum, in order to provides the related normal morphologymaterial of corpus striatum from the three dimensional angle for clinicaldiagnosing and treating, provides the navigation information for the corpusstriatum surgery. This study also try to use voxel-based morphology themeasurement (VBM) method, that used computers based on signal strengthcomparison between different voxel for automatic segmentation ofregional,and calculated split the volume of brain tissue, to lay the foundationfor exploring the striatum cognitive functional magnetic resonance imaging(fMRI).Materials and methods1.31cases of normal adult head was made consecutive cross-sectional specimens (male17, female14， slice thickness5mm),then the bestdisplayed basal ganglion level in striatum was selected, and on its level, thetransverse, sagittal diameter and area of caudate nuclear head, putamen, theglobus pallidus, telencephalon, dorsal thalamus interest structures, and soon was observed, and the correlation data was gathered.2.100cases (male50, female50) without neuropsychiatric disordersand other lesions of the head of adult were selected, Used the US GE SignaHDxt3.0T MRI systems three-dimensional fast spoiled gradient-recalled(3D-FSPGR) to obtain the horizontal position high resolution threedimensional structure image, head orthogonal8-channel phased array coiland scan field contained the entire brain. Scanning parameters: TR8.3ms,TE3.3ms, TI400ms, the turn over angle12o, matrix256×256, Nex1, Echo1/1, FOV24cm×18cm, layer156, level thick1mm, interval-free continuousscanning. After the scanning, the obtained data was spread to the ADW4.2data processing workstation, and the obtained image will be reconstructed inthe coronal plane and sagittal plane on the workstation,then the contrastgradient was adjusted to the best, simultaneously observed in threepositions：the horizontal position, coronal position and arrowy position.Striatum volume as well as its height, width, length, etc, were observed, andcollected relevant data; Selected the best horizontal position cross-sectionimage of corpus striatum structure, and observed the transverse, sagittaldiameter and area of the caudate nucleus head, putamen, globus pallidus, telencephalon, dorsal thalamus and so on other interest structures, then byunified the cross section specimen to measure the result carried on thecontrast analysis.3.1case of3D-FSPGR scanning data by US GE Signa HDxt3.0TMRI the system was selected, and corpus striatum visualization threedimensional dynamic model was reconstructed with using Mimics medicinethree dimensional reconstruction software. Simultaneously, the patientsscanning data was imported into functional brain imaging data analysissoftware (statistical parametric mapping, SPM) to carry on the striatumVBM volume measurement.All data after standardized processing, was inputted into the SPSS13.0statistics software to be analyzed each data side difference, the sexdifference, as well as the degree of various linear indicators associated withcorpus striatum volume.ResultsThe first partStudy of sectional and MRI anatomy in human brain corpusstriatumHuman brain corpus striatum on imaging anatomy and sectionalanatomy studyThere are gender differences (female> male) after data standardized:the area of caudate nucleus head (p<0.01), putamen (p<0.05), globus pallidus (p <0.05) on the cross-section specimens, but there are no statisticssignificance side difference (P>0.05)in the each area of corpus striatum.There are no gender differences in corpus striatum area (P>0.05) after datastandardized on MRI;and the globus pallidus area has the side difference(F=4.751, P<0.05), left side is larger than the right side, respectively be(149.09±27.30)mm2and (138.28±22.76)mm2. The data of the striatum andits associated structures showed consistent tendency on the cross section andMRI.Pearson correlation analysis shows: The area of telencephalon andstriatum were positively related both on cross-section and MRI. The head ofcaudate nucleus area was negatively related with dorsal thalamus area oncross-section, and negatively related with the area of putamen on MRI.Thedistance of anterior horn of lateral ventricle was negatively related with theputamen area on cross-section,and was positively correlated with the head ofcaudate nucleus area on MRI.MRI study on corpusstriatum volume measurementin human brainThere are gender differences in caudate nucleus volume, putamenvolume, antecornu distance, postcornu distance, Caudate nucleus length andwidth, putamen length (male> female, P<0.01) before data standardization;There are side differences in putamen horizontal axis height (left> right,P<0.05). There was gender difference only in the putamen volume and theheight of caudate nucleus (female> male, P<0.05) after data standardization; There are significantly gender differences between antecornu distance andpostcornu distance (male> female, P<0.01); and there was side difference inthe putamen height and putamen horizontal axis height (left>right, P<0.05).Pearson correlation analysis shows: Before data standardization, thecaudate nucleus volume was positively related with the putamen volume(P<0.01). After data standardization, the caudate nucleus volume was alsopositively related with the putamen volume (P<0.01). Most closely relateddegree with the caudate nucleus volume of linear index was the caudatenucleus length, followed by the putamen width, length, caudate nucleusheight, etc, and most closely related degree with putamen volume of linearindex in turn was putamen height, putamen horizontal axis height, putamenwidth, etc, which are all positive correlation; and postcornu distance wasnegatively related with the putamen volume The second partStudy of three-dimensional models and VBM in human brain corpusstriatumThe three-dimensional digital models of corpus striatumwere reconstructed successfully which were based on the MRI thin layerscanning data by Mimics software. The three-dimensional digital models ofcorpus striatum not only looked veridical and accurate but also could bereconstructed and measured accurately. The corpus striatum and thecorrelation soft tissue shape were vivid and the anatomy sign were limpid.The models can not only be showed in different colors and combined colorsrandomly but also be observed at any directions by amplification, zoomingdown, rotating and so on. By carring on transparent processing to the model,the relation between the corpus striatum and its surrounding soft tissues wereaslo very good be demonstrated. It was successfully measured striatumvolume and partition of the other brain tissues’ volume by VBMmeasurement, and the cerebrospinal fluid, gray matter, white matter of thedivided region was aslo clearly displayed.Conclusions1. Through the studying of cross section specimens and tomographicimaging of the human brain striatum, each of the two methods has itsadvantages and disadvantages, and they are complement each other;. Thesame tendency was displayed roughly basic consistent on cross-sectionalspecimens and MRI scans for measurements of the corpus striatum. Namely,the MRI observed value can reflect the corpus striatum data.Thus MRI is onereliable clinical examination method, And it may highly enhance thecorrelation clinical diseases of corpus striatum greatly in the diagnosis. 2. The data standardization can effectively exclude interference ofindividual differences，and it is a very essential method. There are sex andside difference in each measurement data, and its difference distributesdiffers from around standardized processing, so the individual differences,sex, skull shape and so on should be considered to the measurement resultdisturbance in the practical work.3. Women have larger putamen than do men, The caudate nucleuslength, putamen height can be used as a preliminary selection index in theresearching of the striatum volume changes.4. The data can be obtained quickly from MRI scaning and the threedimensional model of corpus striatum can be reconstructed by Mimicssoftware. The reconstruction corpus striatum three-dimensional model ishelpful to the dissection teaching and the provided reasonable plan of brainthree-dimensional directional surgery.5. VBM can be used as a method of volume measurement of braintissue. |
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