The Quality Evaluation Of Two Species Of Chamomiles Produced In Xinjiang

Objective:Chamomile（Matricaria chamomilla L.） and Roman chamomile （Anthemisnobile L.）have been two usual Chamomiles in xinjiang, the characteristics are very similarand the quality control standard are low.The purpose of this study was to research thecharacteristic chemical composition in two species of chamomiles by microscopicidentification, TLC, UPLC, GC and antioxidant,which based on the active ingredient intwo species of chamomiles recognized at home and abroad; and evaluate the quality oftwo species of Chamomiles produced in XinJiang in accordance with abroadPharmacopeia ways.Methods:1. To Compare With the microscopic characteristics of twospecies of chamomiles by microscopic identification.2. The comparison study of theessential oil extract had been done with replacement reference substance,and themicroemulsion TLC had been established for two species of chamomiles.3. The UPLCcontent determination method for Chamomile and Roman chamomile had beenestablished Combined with Multi-components quantitation by one marker.4. The essentialoil extract of the two species of chamomiles had been compared by GC.5.The totalantioxidative activity was determined by UV-vis,the antioxidative activity Componentfrom two species of Chamomiles were compared with TLC-Bioautography.Results:1.Toidentificate two chamomile flowers by microscopic identification with the germ porenumber of pollen grain and the existence of nonglandular hair. The pollen grain in RomeChamomile have three germ pores and nonglandular hair,but the pollen grain inChamomile have four germ pores.2. The microscopical identification results showed thatthe en-yne-dicycloether was the characteristic compound in essential oil of Chamomile,butit did not exist in the essential oil of Rome Chamomile. The methanol extraction of twoChamomiles have not characteristics spots by the identification of silical gel thin-layerchromatography,while ten spots were observed in Chamomile and eight spots were observed in Rome Chamomile in the condition of microemulsion thin-layerchromatography by using diphenylboric acid aminoethyl ester.3. The chromatographiccondition of UPLC was establised and the content of the characteristic chemicalcomposition was determined in two species of chamomiles,two chamomiles bothcontained apigenin-7-glucoside and apigenin,and the average content of7-methoxycoumarin was above0.1mg·mL^-1in Chamomile, but its average content wasbelow0.01mg·mL^-1in the Roman Chamomile;The content of the other four kinds ofchemical composition: galuteolin, apigenin-7-glucoside,7-methoxycoumarin, luteolinwas determined by Multi-components quantitation by one marker as apigenin for internalstandard, the measurement results were the same as UPLC method.The simultaneousdetermination of the five chemical composition was completed with only a referencesubstance.4.The essential oil determination results showed Chamomile containedbisabolol, the bisabolol was not detected in the Roman chamomile and only a smallamount of bisabol oxide was detected;The GC results showed that the obviouscharacteristic peaks appearsed between the retention time of5to15min.5.Theexperimental result of scavenging free radicals indicated that the concentration0fChamomile and Rome Chamomile was separately0.66mg·mL^-1,0.33mg·mL^-1,cleaning50%DPPH.The TLC bioautography results showed four anti-oxidant spots were observedin essential oil of Chamomile,one was en-yne-dicycloether.One anti-oxidant spot wasobserved in essential oil of Rome Chamomile,its Rf value was0.42. Seven anti-oxidantspots contained apigenin and apigenin-7-glucoside were observed in the flavone extractsof Chamomile,and eight anti-oxidant spots contained apigenin and apigenin-7-glucosidein the flavone extracts of Rome Chamomile.Conclusion:1.The appearance of twochamomiles was very similar,and the ministerial standard of quality was low.This studyfirstly used the microscopic identification to distinguish two chamomiles better andobtained the microscopic characteristics of two chamomiles.2. This study using TLC,UPLC, GC to distinguish two chamomiles was feasible,to evaluate the quality of twoChamomiles from multi-angle.3. The TLC bioautography results showed the essential oiland flavone extracts of two chamomiles has strong antioxidative activity. Fouranti-oxidant spots for Chamomile essential oil, one anti-oxidant spot for RomanChamomile essential oil,which could be used to distinguish two chamomiles,wereobserved.4.The methods of quality evaluation of two Chamomiles in this study could beused for the establishment of quality standards for Chamomile and Roman chamomilewhich were Xinjiang common two chamomiles,and were to provide reference for further artificial cultivation and large-scale cultivation of the two Chamomiles.