Epidemiological Features And Relevant Risk Factors Of Metabolic Syndrome Among Rural Physical Examination People

Objective:To investigate the prevalence and relevant risk factors of metabolic syndrome (MS) in physical examination population in a suburban county in Tianjin, and to provide the scientific basis for prevention and control measures of MS.Methods:Both cross-sectional study and case-control study were used in this research. Subjests who took physical examination during August in2011to May in2012in a suburban county hospital in Tianjin were selected in this study and their check-up data were collected to describe the MS prevalence and MS-related diseases. Then160cases and320controls were selected from the subjects to conduct the case-control study. Both cases and controls were investigated on their lifestyle, diseases history and diseases family history, etc. The risk factors of MS were analyzed by the unconditional logistic regression.Results:1.The cross-sectional study results showed that the prevalence of MS was13.11%(the age-adjusted prevalence was13.01%),13.96%for male and12.40%for female. The prevalence was at a high level from30to60-year-old, and then there was a slight decline after the age of60. High peak age of the male was from40to50and that of female was from50to60. Neither male nor female prevalence showed a significant trends with age.2. Univariate logistic regression analysis suggested that the risk factors for MS included high salt diet, dinner satiety, eating night snack frequently, overweight/obesity in school age, central obesity, family history of hypertension and family history of diabetes. The protective factors of MS by univariate analysis were education level, more physical labor, physical exercise, daily vegetable intake, daily intake of milk and its products. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that risk factors for MS included high salt diet (OR=12.871,95%C/:3.557-46.576),eating night snack frequently(OR=3.602,95%CI:1.535-8.449), overweight/obesity in school age (OR=4.911,95%C/:1.433-16.835), central obesity(OR=7.087,95%C/:3.873-12.971),famiry history of hypertension (OR=2.614,95%CI:1.498-4.563). And protective factors of MS included education level (OR=0.280,95%CI:0.136-0.575), more physical labor (OR=0.346,95%C7:0.163-0.734; OR=0.171,95%CI:0.097-0.299), physical exercise (OR=0.266,95%CI:0.129-0.548). Conclusions:1.The MS prevalence of physical examination people in a suburban county in Tianjin was consistent with the level of the rural area in North China, and lower than that of the urban people in Beijing and in Canada or India.2. The occurrence of MS is influenced by multiple factors. The dietary strategies should be based on the actual situation of different population, such as appropriate reducing of midnight snack, a moderate intake of fruits and vegetables and increasing the intake of milk and its products. The lifestyle behaviors should be improved such as quitting smoking and engaging in regular and moderate physical exercises. The people who have family history of MS or its components should be supervised as key monitoring population with high-risk for MS, and primary prevention measures should be taken to prevent the occurrence of MS.