| To study the maternal effect of relative traits on wheat,42crossingcombinations are made by7pure genotypes which differ greatly in traits. The geneticeffects of some traits in49genotypes are analyzed with the A-D-M model.Conclusions are as follows:1. The results of heritability about relative traits have shown that: Broad and narrowsense heritabilities for both flag leave and top-second leave’s length, width, thickness,area, volume and aspect radio of are significant. This proves that gene selection playsits part very well. As for the third-top leave, broad sense heritabilities of length, width,thickness, area, volume and aspect radio is significant. The narrow sense heritabilityis also significant except the volume. However, the narrow sense heritability is notsignificant. The experiment thus shows gene selection functions well in theheritability of all the traits except the volume. The broad and narrow senseheritabilities for height, ear length, the first internote, the second internote, the thirdinternote, the fourth internote and the fifth internote are significant. Therefore, geneselection works well. What’s more, the broad and narrow sense heritabilities forchlorophyll of three-top leaves on April25and30, May15and24are significant,showing that the chlorophyll of three-top is effected by gene. The broad and narrowsense heritabilities for transpiration rate of flag on April27and30, May5and11arevery significant, which results from the genes. The broad and narrow senseheritabilities for photosynthetic rate and stomatal conductance of flag leave on April27and30, May11are very significant, but the effects are insignificant on May5. Thebroad and narrow sense heritabilities for intercellular CO2concentration of flag leaveon April27, May5and11are very significant, but it is not significant on April30. It’seffected by gene except on April30. The broad and narrow sense heritabilities forgrain weight per spike, grain number per spike and spikelet are very significant,showing that these traits are effected by gene. The broad sense heritability for1000-grain weight is significant, but the narrow sense heritability is insignificant. Thus,1000-grain weight is effected by gene and environment. The broad and narrowsense heritabilities for moisture content, protein content, wetgluten content,sedimentation value and water absorption are very significant, proving that these traitsare decided by gene.2. The results for maternal effect of related traits: The Maternal effect variance ratiofor length, width, thickness, area, volume and aspect radio of the flag leave andtop-second leave is very significant. These traits could be developed by maternaleffect. The maternal effect variance ratio for length, width, thickness, area and aspectradio of three-top leave is very significant, but volume is not significant. Therefore,traits except volume could be developed by matel effect. The maternal effect varianceratio for plant height, ear length, the first internote, the second internote, the fourthinternote and the fifth internote is very significant. However, effect for the thirdinternote is not significant, proving that traits except the third internot could bedeveloped by matel effect. The maternal effect variance ratio for chlorophyll of flagleave on April25and30, May24is very significant, but on May15it is notsignificant. It demonstrates that chlorophyll of flag leave could be developed bymaternal effect at different growth stages except the day of May15. The maternaleffect variance ratio for chlorophyll of second-top leave is significant only on May15and24, but on April25and30it is insignificant, demonstrating that chlorophyll ofsecond-top leave could be developed by maternal effect at different growth stagesexcept on April25and30. The maternal effect variance ratio for chlorophyll ofthird-top leave on April25, May15and24are very significant, but on April30it isnot significant. Hence, chlorophyll of flag leave could be developed by maternaleffect at different growth stages except on April30. The maternal effect variance ratiofor photosynthetic rate of flag leave on April27and May5is very significant, but onApril30and May15it is insignificant. Therefore, photosynthetic rate of flag leavecould be developed by maternal effect at different growth stages except on April30and May15. The maternal effect variance ratio for stomatal conductance andintercellular CO2concentration of flag leave on April27and May11is significant,but on April30and May5it is not significant, proving that stomatal conductance and intercellular CO2concentration of flag leave could be developed by maternal effect atdifferent growth stages except on April30and May5. The maternal effect varianceratio for transpiration rate of flag leave on April27, May5and11is significant, buton on April30it is not significant, showing that transpiration rate of flag leave couldbe developed by maternal effect at different growth stages except on April30. Thematernal effect variance ratio for grain weight per spike, grain number per spike andspikelet is very significant. It testifies that this yield traits could be developed bymaternal effect. The maternal effect variance ratio for1000-grain weight is notsignificant, which shows that1000-grain weight could be developed less by maternaleffect. The maternal effect variance ratio for moisture content, protein content,wetgluten content, sedimentation value and water absorption is very significant. Thus,so this trait could be developed by maternal effect. |
