Effects Of Ridge-Bed Cultivation On Rice Morphological Structure, Physiological Characteristics And Grain Yield

In order to save the resources of agricultural production, to play a greater ecological effects, this study proposes the cultivation of rice Ridge-Bed Cultivation, which is based on a traditional Southern cold soak ridge technology through innovation and improvement of water-saving cultivation methods, by selecting three rice varieties Y Liangyou1, Huanghuazhan and the Shanyou63, compared six cultivation (conventional cultivation, narrow terrace cultivation, wide terrace cultivation, narrow bed cultivation, middle bed cultivation,wide bed cultivation) on rice growth physiological characteristics and yield, in order to provide a theoretical basis to further explore the new terrace water-saving cultivation.The main results were as follows:1. During panicle full heading stage, three different species of section length were as follows:down one section<down two section<down three section, the section width and stem wall thickness performance:down one section>down two section>down three section, and the Hybrid Rice Y Liangyou1was the widest. There was no significant variation in down one section length and width under the six cultivations. But inside each part of terrace cultivation, all sections, and node wide showed that from the upper part of the ridge to the base increased regulaly. There was a significant difference in most of them, the width of Shanyou63was slightly lower than that Y Liangyou1and Huanghuazhan.2. The basic performance of vascular were as follows:the more numbers of large vascular bundles the more numbers of small vascular bundles, less and vice versa, and the number of large vascular bundles was slightly higher than the small vascular bundles, the average number of vascular bundles in Shanyou63was less than in Y Liangyou1and Huanghuazhan. Under six different cultivation patterns, rice down section large and small number of vascular bundles in T5, T1, CK were higher, T2, T3were in the middle, T4was the least. The number of large vascular bundles in narrow terrace cultivation was more than the wide terrace cultivation, difference in Y Liangyou1was significant, but little difference among three varieties. Inside each part of narrow terrace cultivation, upper T1<down T1, with more vascular bundles in the middle part of wide terrace cultivation.3. Rice flag leaf stomatal density was in the following order:Y Liangyou1> Huanghuazhan> Shanyou63, the leaves back stomatal density of Y Liangyou1and Huanghuazhan were significantly higher than the ventral surface, addition to the Shanyou63; Inside the narrow terrece cultivation, stomatal density decreased from the top to the bottom, that’s upper T1> down T1, but there was no significant difference。4. About the flag leaf photosynthetic characteristics of rice during middle tillering and full heading stage, the conclusions were as follows:the photosynthetic parameters during tillering was higher than the full heading stage, the Super Hybrid Rice Y Liangyou1, slightly higher than the Shanyou63and Huanghuazhan; The photosynthetic rate in narrow terrace cultivation T1, the wide terrace cultivation T2and narrow bed cultivation T3were higher than other treatments, the cultivation of the ridge-bed cultivation provides the material basis for the realization of yield.5. During maturation,14d after heading, rice flag leaf were going to aging for all the treatments, under T1and T2cultivation condition, flag leaf chlorophyll content of rice was high, velocity of leaf ageing slowed, with higher net photosynthetic rate, which was conducive to the improvement of the protective enzyme activity to maintain normal cell metabolic. For conventional cultivation, rice flag leaf chlorophyll content was low and aging more fast, changes of the protective enzyme was sensitive to the environment, activity decline from24%to44%,28%to46%respectively.6. The final yield test results were nshowed as the followings:yields differences among the treatments, narrow terrace cultivation T1got the highest yield, T3, T2, T4, T5treatment followed in turn, CK treatment got the lowest yield, T1was higher than T2, T4, T5, CK respectively11.76%,21%,25.96%,27.17%, the difference was significant; Effective panicles in T1was the highest, seed setting rate in conventional cultivation CK was the highest. Comprehensive look at various factors, T1, T3treatment were conducive to increase the effective panicles, the equilibrium yield factor, to obtain high yield; Yield of the three varieties was in descending order:Y Liangyou1>huanghuazhan> Shanyou63. There was a significant difference between Y Liangyou1and Shanyou63, which was main due to the seed setting rate.