Study On Yield And Physiological Characteristics Of Different Types Of Soybean Varieties With Three Rows Planting Patterns

The experiment used the common variety Jiyu 86 and the dense-tolerant variety Changmidou 30 as the test materials,using two planting modes: big ridge three rows and small ridge double rows.the two planting densities of 200,000 plants/hm2 and 400,000 plants/hm2.To study the difference of physiological characteristics between two types of soybean varieties: large-row three-row planting model and small-ridge two-row planting model.the result shows;1.Photosynthetic characteristics of soybean leaves.Under the two planting densities,the photosynthetic traits of the middle and lower leaves of three rows of soybeans with large ridges were significantly less than those with two rows of small ridges.The planting density is large,and the difference in photosynthetic characteristics is more significant.The difference between the common variety Jiyu 86 is higher than that of the dense-tolerant variety Changmidou 30.2.Soybean leaf area index.Under the two planting modes,the leaf area index of three rows of large ridges was significantly larger than that of double rows of small ridges during R4-R5,and the leaf area index of three rows of large ridges was significantly smaller than that of double rows of small ridges during R6,and the middle row of three rows of large ridges The leaf area decreased most obviously.3.Dry matter accumulation during soybean growth.In the R4-R5 phase,the dry matter accumulation of the three rows of soybeans in the big ridge was higher than that in the double rows of the small ridge,and the dry matter accumulation in the three rows of the big ridge in the R6 phase was significantly lower than that of the double rows of the small ridge.In the R6 stage,the pod weight ratio of the upper layer of the three rows of the big ridge was higher than that of the double row of the small ridge,and the pod weight ratio of the lower layer was significantly lower than that of the double row of the small ridge.The greater the planting density,the more significant the difference in pod weight distribution and difference between three rows of large ridges and two rows of small ridges.The difference in pod weight distribution of the common variety Jiyu 86 was significantly higher than that of the dense-tolerant variety Changmidou 30.4.Soybean leaves protect enzymes.Under the two planting modes,during the R6 period,the SOD enzyme activity in the lower leaves of the three rows of the big ridge was significantly lower than that of the double rows of the small ridge.The SOD enzyme activity of the middle row of the three rows of Dalong was significantly lower than that of the marginal row.The variation of common variety Jiyu 86 is higher than that of Changmidou 30.5.Soybean root characteristics.Root-related traits such as root length,project area,average diameter,and root volume of three rows of large-row beans in R4 were significantly larger than those of two rows of small ridges.The greater the planting density,the smaller the root length,project area,root surface area,average diameter,and root volume of the root system.6.Soybean agronomic and yield-related traits.Under the two planting modes,the main stem weight,the number of main stem pods,the number of main stem pods,the number of main stem grains,and the main stem grain weight of the three rows of soybeans in the big ridge at the mature stage were all smaller than those in the double row of small ridges.7.Soybean production.Under the two planting modes,the yield of small rows and double rows was higher than that of large rows and three rows;under different planting densities,the yield of Jiyu 86 at 400,000 plants/hm2 was significantly less than the density of 200,000 plants/hm2.This study shows that soybean varieties in Jilin area are not the most suitable for the three-row model of the big ridge.The three-row model of the big ridge makes the luxation of soybeans in the middle period of reproductive growth too large,and the lower leaf area,photosynthetic characteristics and resistance to stress are significantly reduced.The leaf production and dry matter accumulation ability of the plant decreased rapidly,which caused the center of gravity of the pod to move up and the number of pods per plant decreased,resulting in a reduction in yield.