| The effect of dietary administration of two kinds of Chinese herbal medicines (CHM-A andCHM-B) on growth performance, digestive enzyme activity and non-specific immunity oforange-spotted grouper (Epinephelus coioides) were investigated in the present study. Threehundred and fifteen healthy fish [initial averaging weight:(19.72±0.22) g] were randomlyassigned into twenty one150-L tanks equipped with re-circulating sea water systems. The fishwere fed one of the seven experimental diets [basal diet (CK),0.5%,1%and2%CHM-A andCHM-B], two meals per day during a feeding period of42d. Weight growth rate (WGR), feedconversion rate (FCR), specific growth rate (SGR), protein efficiency ratio (PER), visceral index(VSI), hepatosomatic index (HSI), spleen index (SI), condition factor (CF), the activities ofprotease and amylase in stomach, intestine and liver, total protein (TP), albumin (ALB), alkalinephosphatase (AKP), acid phosphatase (ACP), glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase (GOT),glutamic-pyruvic transaminase (GPT) in serum, lysozyme (LSZ), superoxide dismutase (SOD),catalase (CAT) in serum and liver, spleen and gill, all of above were measured at day21and day42respectively. The content of crude protein, crude lipid, moisture and ash of body weremeasured at day42. All of the results were showed as follows:1. WGR, SGR of the0.5%CHM-B and1%CHM-B groups were significantly higher thanCK during the duration of0to21d (P<0.05). WGR, SGR of the1%CHM-A,0.5%TCM-B and1%CHM-B groups were significantly higher than CK during the duration of21to42d (P<0.05).FCR and PER of all of the treatment groups had no significant effect (P>0.05). HSI of the0.5%CHM-A,1%CHM-B and2%CHM-B groups were significantly lower than CK at day21,(P<0.05), but CF of1%CHM-B group was significantly higher than control group (P<0.05). SIof1%CHM-B group was higher than CK at day42(P<0.05). The body moisture content of1%CHM-A and0.5%CHM-B groups were significantly higher than CK (P<0.05), the body ashcontent of0.5%CHM-A,1%CHM-A,2%CHM-A and0.5%CHM-B groups were significantlyhigher than CK (P<0.05), the body crud lipid content of1%CHM-A,2%CHM-A,0.5%CHM-B,1%CHM-B and2%CHM-B groups were significantly higher than CK (P<0.05), butthe body crud protein content of all of the treatment groups and CK had no significant effect(P>0.05).2. The protease activity in stomach of fish in1%CHM-B and2%CHM-B groups were significantly higher than that in CK at day21(P<0.05), and the protease activity in intense offish in1%CHM-A、2%CHM-A and0.5%CHM-B groups were significantly higher than that inCK (P<0.05), and the protease activiy in hepatosomatic of fish in1%CHM-A、0.5%CHM-Band1%CHM-A groups were significantly higher than CK (P<0.05). The amylase activity instomach and hepatosomatic of fish in the treatment groups were significantly higher than that inCK at day21(P<0.05), and the amylase activity in intense of fish in the treatment groups except0.5%CHM-B group were significantly higher than that in CK (P<0.05).The protease activity in stomach of fish in0.5%CHM-A and1%CHM-A groups weresignificantly higher than that in CK at day42(P<0.05), and the protease activity in intense offish in1%CHM-A、2%CHM-A and1%CHM-B groups were significantly higher than that inCK (P<0.05), and the protease activity in hepatosomatic and amylase activity in intense of fish in0.5%CHM-A,1%CHM-A,0.5%CHM-B, and1%CHM-B groups were significantly higherthan that in CK (P<0.05). The amylase activity in stomach and hepatosomatic of fish in thetreatment groups were significantly higher than that in CK at day42(P<0.05).3. The TP and ALB content in serum, the activity of AKP, ACP and SOD in serum, SOD ingill, CAT in spleen and gill in0.5%CHM-A were significantly higher than that in CK at day21(P<0.05), while GPT and GOT in serum, MDA in spleen and gill were significantly lower thanthat in CK (P<0.05). The TP and ALB content in serum, the activiy of ACP, SOD, CAT and LSZin serum, SOD, CAT and LSZ in liver, SOD and LSZ in gill, LSZ in gill in1%CHM-B weresignificantly higher than that in CK at day21(P<0.05), while MDA in gill was significantlylower than that in CK (P<0.05). The TP and ALB content in serum, the activity of AKP and LSZin serum, SOD and LSZ in liver, SOD and LSZ in spleen, CAT in gill of fish in1%CHM-Awere significantly higher than that in CK at day42(P<0.05), while GPT and GOT in serum,MDA in gill were significantly lower than CK (P<0.05). The ALB content in serum, the activityof AKP, SOD, CAT and LSZ in serum, SOD, CAT and LSZ in liver and gill of fish in1%CHM-B were significantly higher than that in CK at day42(P<0.05), while GPT and GOT inserum, MDA in liver, spleen and gill were significantly lower than that in CK (P<0.05). Inconclusion, the results show that0.5%CHM-A,1%CHM-A and1%CHM-B in diets could beimproved of non-specific immunity of orange-spotted grouper. |
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