Effect Of Decomposed Corn Stalks On Soil Environment, The Quality And Yield Of Cucumber

In the experiment, three treatments were designed, which T1:30kg·667m-2，P2O510kg·667m-2，K2O30kg·667m-2were applied,600kg·667m-2of decomposed corn stalks wereused as the subsoil fertilizer, and the rest was supplied with chemical fertilizer in fruitingperiod of cucumber. T2: The same fertilizer was applied as T1in total, but the chemicalfertilizer which containing the same N、P2O5、K2O as600kg·667m-2decomposed corn stalkswere used as subsoil fertilizer, and the rest chemical fertilizer was supplied at the same timeas T1. T3: No fertilizer was applied. The effect of decomposed corn stalks on soilenvironment, and the growth, yield, quality physiological characteristics, yield and quality ofcucumber in solar-greenhouse were investigated. The results were as follows:1. Decomposed corn stalks increased the soil organic substances content significantly.There was little difference in the supplement effect on available nitrogen and phosphorusbetween the decomposed corn stalks and chemical fertilizer, but decomposed corn stalksshowed lower supplement effect on potassium relative to chemical fertilizer.2. The bulk density of cucumber root zone soil was1.05~1.20g·cm-3, and that of T1wassignificantly lower than T2and T3. The soil porosity of T1was55.6~58.4%, and all in asuitable range. However, the soil porosity of T2and T3were53.0%~56.9%and53.6%~56.9%, and mostly below the appropriate value. The electric conductivity (EC) weresignificantly higher than that of T3, but mostly lower than that of T2. T1showed a significantincrease in soil respiration rate in every period compared with T2and T3, whereas, noobvious difference was found between T2and T3.3. The number of bacteria was the highest in cucumber root zone soil, then wasactinomycetes, and fungi was the lowest. The bacteria and actinomycetes were significantlymore in T1than in T2and T3, while the fungi was lower in T1than in T2and T3or therewere no remarkable difference among the three treatments. T1showed significantly higheractivities of catalase (CAT) dehydrogenase, urease and alkaline phosphatese in cucumber rootzone soil than those of T2and T3. There were no remarkable difference in polyphenol oxidase (PPO) activity between T1and T3, but that in T1was higher than in T2. T1showedan obviously increased in sucrase activity compared with T2and T3in autumn winter crop,whereas, no significant difference were found among T1, T2and T3in winter spring crop.4. Decomposition of straw increased the plant height, stem diameter, root volume, rootactivity and absorbing capacity of cucumber. The roots of T2mainly concentrated in thesurface of soil, and less in the deep of soil.5. The contents of chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b and carotenoid in T1were lower than inT2, but significantly higher than T3. No remarked differences in photosynthetic rate (Pn) andstomatal conductance were observed between T1and T2, however, those in T1and T2weremostly higher than in T3. There were no significant differences in intercellur CO2concentrition (Ci) and transpiration rate (Tr) among T1, T2and T3.6. Decomposition of straw significantly increased the yield of cucumber. The yield of T1increased by5.7%and10.1%respectively in winter spring crop, and increased by10.9%and13.7%respectively compared with T2and T3.