Experimental Study Of Corn Stalk Mulching And Degradation Effects Law On Soil Quality

Straw mulching, one of the core technologies of conservation tillage, can reduce the environmental pollution and field evaporation effectively and increase crop yield. But because the follow-up operation was affected by the problem of poor returning quality and stalk slow decomposition rate, it has caused a very serious problem of burning stalk heavily. Combined application of decomposition accelerator can accelerate the decomposition rate, but it has different effects on soil environment, soil quality and crop growth process to setting the quantity of straw mulch and decomposition.This paper studied the ammonia decomposition function on straw through experiments. And comparing the ammonia’s effects on straw crude fibers degradation rate between different concentrations and spraying amounts, a reasonable ammonia concentration and spraying amounts has been obtained, that is 6% concentration and 1000g spraying amounts in 1m2 straw mulch area. Simultaneously, based on determinate ammonia concentration and spraying amounts, the different straw mulch effects on soil quality have been tested. It mainly analyzed the soil quality change rules and the relationship with the straw mulch from the point of organic matter, alkali-hydro nitrogen, available phosphorus, available potassium and pH. Then through doing the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation, an optimum straw mulch---50% straw mulch quantity and an optimum treatment---50% coverage with spraying ammonia have been determined finally.Based on above experiments and conclusions, this paper also sampled soils on the testfield where had done straw much for many years. Then detected the soil quality of the testfield having done for years range 2 to 6, and it required the variation rules of organic matter, alkali-hydro nitrogen, available phosphorus, available potassium and pH. Next, refering to the above conclusions, this paper estimates the long-term effects of better treatment in testplot preliminarily, which can offer technical support and scientific theory for the large-scale extention of the protective farming technique. The conclusions also can offer reliable data and information in order to perfect the protective farming technique systerm that fitting the area of Huanghuaihai.