| In order to understand the possibility and preservation mechanism of the substances appling to fruits and vegetables,the effects of Polygenetic cyrtonema extracts on antisepsis,postharvest physiology and quality of selected peppers(cv.Meijiao Chunguan) were investigated and the Polygonatum cyrtonema preservative was developed that was researched the effect on antisepsis,postharvest physiology and quality of Golden Delicious Apple.The results would provide the comprehensive utilization of Polygonatum cyrtonema resources and technical support for plant preservative which was friendly to the environment.The main results were as follows:1The effects of two kinds of Polygonatum cyrtonema extracts on antisepsis of peppersSelected peppers were dipped in two kinds of preservative solutions of Polygonatum cyrtonema methanol extract (mass concentration of25.0g/L,50.0g/L and100.0g/L) and petroleum ether extract (mass concentration of12.5g/L,25.0g/L and50.0g/L). The effects of two extracts on antisepsis of peppers were investigated respectively. The experimental results showed that two kinds of Polygonatum cyrtonema extracts were good for the preservation of peppers at storage period. The weight loss rate of peppers which were treated by mass concentration of50.0g/L Polygonatum cyrtonem methanol extract and12.5g/L Polygonatum cyrtonem petroleum ether extract was22.9%and12.8%, which decreased11.6%and29.3%than the control group, respectively. The decay rates of mass concentration of25.0g/L,50.0g/L and100.0g/L of Polygonatum cyrtonema methanol extract decreased27.8%,50.0%and33.3%than the control group, respectively. But the decreasion of mass concentration of12.5g/L and25.0g/L of Polygonatum cyrtonema petroleum ether extract were55.5%and22.2%.2The effects of two kinds of Polygonatum cyrtonema extracts on postharvest quality of peppers and the physiological changesThe effects of two kinds of Polygonatum cyrtonema extract on postharvest quality and physiology change impact were studied. Storaged after18days,the results that the chlorophyll content in peppers treated by the mass concentration of25g/L,50.0g/L and100.0g/L of Polygonatum cyrtonem methanol extract was more of12.5%,8.9%and5.4%than the control group and the mass concentration of12.5g/L and50.0g/L of Polygonatum cyrtonem petroleum ether extract was18.8%and16.7%, respectively. Soluble sugar content and Vc content of the above three mass concentrations of Polygonatum cyrtonem methanol extract were more of2.02mg/g,3.31mg/g and3.40mg/g and8.5%,39.2%and22.2%than the control group, respectively. And petroleum ether extract treatments were more of7.2mg/g,4.0mg/g and4.1mg/g and43.0%,29.8%and16.4%, respectively. Clearly, two kinds of Polygonatum cyrtonema extracts could effectively reduce chlorophyll degradation and keep the soluble sugar content and Vc content of peppers. The MDA content of two kinds of Polygonatum cyrtonema extracts, which suppressed the accumulation of MDA content, was lower than the control group and that peppers kept higher POD activity. They effectively protected the cell membrane and removed active oxygen and free radicals in the pepper. The active of Polygonatum cyrtonem petroleum ether extract was significantly higher than methanol extract.3The development of the Polygonatum cyrtonema preservativeWith the main ingredients of Polygonatum cyrtonema petroleum ether extract,the Polygonatum cyrtonema preservative was developed by selection of emulsifiers and other additives. The formula of the preparation were Polygonatum cyrtonema petroleum ether extrac(5%), emulsifiers(A:B=3:1)(15%), defoamer C(2%), antifreeze D(1%),thickener E(0.3%) and water(adding to100%).The experiments of thermal storage, cold storage, melt-freeze and the stability of the preservative were developed, and the results showed that the characters of the preservative were in accordance with the quality standards.4The effect of the Polygonatum cyrtonema preservative on antisepsis of applesThe Golden Delicious Apple were soaked by the Polygenetic cyrtonema preservative(mass concentration of12.5g/L,25.0g/L and50.0g/L). After21days, the results showed that the weight loss of apples treated by the above mass concentrations were22.3%,22.3%and29.0%, which all were lower than the control group. Compared to the control group, the decay rate of the mass concentration of12.5g/L was reduced by33.3%,and the effects of the mass concentration of25.0g/L and50.0g/L treatment groups to apples were not obvious. It was available that the mass concentration of12.5g/L treatment was better for the preservation of apples.5The effect of the Polygonatum cyrtonema preservative on postharvest quality of apple and the physiological changesThe effects of different concentrations of the Polygenetic cyrtonema preservative on postharvest quality of apple and the impact of physiological changes were researched. Storaged after21days, the soluble sugar content of the control group decreased from the initial148.1mg/g to89.5mg/g, which was below all treatments of the preservative.The Vc content in apples of mass concentration of12.5g/L kept3.7mg/100g, which was two times as much as the control group, but the Vc content of the middle concentration and high concentration was2.6mg/100g and1.5mg/100g, respectively. Protein content treated by three mass concentrations were obviously more than the control group,and were4.3,2.7and3.0times as much as the control group, respectively. Compared to the control group, the fruit of12.5g/L treatment group decreased the accumulation of MDA content, significantly, and maintained a higher POD activity. Visiblely,12.5g/L of the Polygenetic cyrtonema preservative was better for keeping the apple’s quality and regulating physiological changes. |
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