Research On The Physicochemical Properties And Comparative Of Forest Soil In North Mountain Of Hebei Province

Forest soil is the survival basic of the terrestrial vegetation. Taked the typical forest types ofnorth mountain of Hebei as the research object. Studied the effects from the factors of Tendingand altitude influence soil physicochemical properties and species diversity. Compared thedifferencesof6kinds of pure forest （Populus davidilana， Betula platyphylla， Pinustabulaeformis， Quercus mongolica， Betula dahurica， Acer elegantulum） about the soilphysicochemical properties and species diversity. And analyzed the relationship between speciesdiversity and soil physicochemical properties. Finally, using principal component analysis method,compared the health status of the6kinds of pure forest soil. To provide a theoretical basis for thesustainable management of forest health in north mountain of hebei province. The mainconclusions are as follows:(1)The effects from differences in tending, altitudes and forest types on soil physicalproperties were very obviously. The after tending of soil physical and chemical properties werebetter than before tending young forest of Larix principis-rupprechtii. Larix principis-rupprechtiiplantations at the different altitudes, the physical properties of soil in the1420m altitude is the bestone. The soil physical properties of during of6kinds of different forest types, Acer elegantulumand Quercus mongolica forest are the better.Among them, in the soil infiltration capacity,the soilinitial infiltration rate（18.56mm/min） and the steady infiltration rate value （1.11mm/min）of tending young forest of Larix principis-rupprechtii were both higher than the soil initialinfiltration rate （13.80mm/min）and the steady infiltration rate value（0.78mm/min）ofnon-tending. Larix principis-rupprechtii plantations at different altitudes of the steady infiltrationrate: the altitude of1800m (10.20mm/min)＞1190m (1.11mm/min)＞1420m (0.13mm/min)＞1320m(0.05mm/min).The6different forest types of the steady infiltration rate: Populusdavidiana （8.33mm/min）＞Quercus mongolica（1.26mm/min）＞Acer elegantulum（0.22mm/min）＞Pinus tabuliformis（0.29mm/min）＞Belula platyphylla（0.09mm/min）＞Betuladahurica（0.05mm/min）.(2)The effects from differences in tending, altitudes and forest types on soil chemicalproperties were very obviously. The effects of tending, different altitude and different forest typeson soil chemical properties are obviously. Soil nutrients in the study area has the obviousstratification in the soil profile. Differences in soil nutrient content, with each layer of relativelylarge, it showed with the increase of soil depth decreasing trend. In the0-20cm soil nutrient indexwas the highest.The soil nutrient content about tending of young forest of Larix principis-rupprechtii was significantly higher than the non-tending of content;the influence ofLarix principis-rupprechtii forest from the altitude was obvious. The soil nutrient content at thealtitude of1800m was the highest; While the overall soil nutrient content in6kinds of pure forest,the content of Betula dahurica, A.elegantulum and Betula platyphylla are richer than others pureforests.(3) The effects from differences in tending, altitudes and forest types on species diversitywere very obviously. Tending of young forest of Larix principis-rupprechtii in shrub layer andherb layer in Simpson diversity index, Shannon-wiener diversity index, Pielou evenness index,Menhinick richness index relatively large impact. Each index of the shrub layer decreasedsignificantly. But the herb layer increased significantly. The influence index of Larixprincipis-rupprechtii plantation species diversity in different altitude are relatively large. On thewhole, the altitude of1800m in tree layer and shrub layer species diversity indexes are the highest.While the indexes of the herb layer species diversity at the altitude of1420m are the maximum.For the6different types of shrub layer and herb layer species diversity index. Each indexes ofshrub layer of Betula platyphylla are the highest. The indexes of shrub layer in the pure forest ofPinus tabulaeformis are the lowest. The indexes of herb layer level in pure forest of Betuladahurica are the highest.The indexes of herb layer in the pure forest of Acer elegantulum are thelowest.（4）Studies on the relations between species diversity and soil physicochemical property:For the Simpson diversity index, Shannon-wiener diversity index, Pielou evenness index,Menhinick richness index of the different altitude of the herb layer, they have a positivecorrelation with soil bulk density, physical properties of soil non-capillary porosity, capillaryporosity, total porosity, saturated water holding capacity and effectively holding capacity.Showing a negative correlation with the soil nutrient indexes of soil. For each species of the6forest types of the herb layer diversity have a positive correlation with the effective moisture ofsoil physical properties. The Simpson diversity index and Pielou evenness index have a positivecorrelation with the chemical properties of the soil available K. The Simpson diversity index,Shannon-wiener diversity index, Pielou evenness index and Menhinick richness index have anegative correlation with the total N.(5)Used the principal component analysis method and selected18soil health evaluationindexes, then analyze the data of6different pure forest （Populus davidiana，Belulaplatyphyll， Pinus tabuliformis， Quercus mongolica， Betula dahurica， Acerelegantulum）in the north mountain of hebei, the6kinds of pure forest soil health qualityranking result is：Quercus mongolica（0.316）＞Acer elegantulum （0.311）＞Pinustabuliformis（0.239）＞Belula platyphylla（0.178）＞Populus davidiana（0.082）＞Betula dahurica（0.029）.