The Preliminary Studies On Occurrence And Control Of The Forest Rat Harm In Northern Of Hebei

In this paper, the preliminary studies on occurrence circumstance and prevention and cure technique of forest rat harm in Saihanba Mechanised Tree farm and Yudaokou Ranch of northern of Hebei. Include category of the forest rat harm and forest endanger, to observe the Citellus dauricus'' ecology characteristic of the advantage populous in the forest, to research the method of the age identification, the nonpoisonous and low poision smoke was developemented indoor, and in the year 2002, control experiment on citellus dauricus was made in the Yudaokou Ranch. The effect of different plants alcohol on activity of Citelus dauicus's Acetylcholinesterase, which is a new way for choosing of the plant killed rat, and bringing up some suggestion for the control of Cittlus dauricus and forest rat harm. The result is showed as below: the occurrence circumstance on the forest rat harm,(l)Between year 2001 and 2003, forest endanger is increasing and harm degree is increasing, the most forest harmed is middle and young Pinus sylvestris and Larix gmelinii ,The harmful parts lies in root,crest bud,the top of branch. The average injury persent between 5.0 and 81.3, harmful area is more than 150hm2. (2) Forest rat is investigated with clips. Tree kinds investigated include Pinus sylvestris and Larix gmelinii , A total of 195 specimens is obtained, include Citellus dauricus, Eutamias sibiricus, Cricetulus barabensis Rattus norvegicus, Mus musculus Li,Apodemus speciosus, Clethrionomys rufocanus, Allactaga sibirica, Myospalax aspalax, Citellus dauricus is advantage kind among them.(3) Citellus dauricus in north forest of Hebei is wake up from hibernation on the end of March, when the air temperature is more than 5 C .Or the time of occurrence will delayed by low temperature. When lowing temperature in the middle September, The Citellus dauricus beginning to hibernate, which is more earlier than any other places. The food of the Citellus dauricus main is plant, 96.2 percent of the total deal of food. (4) 20 index of 42 Citellus dauricus are analyzed with the principal component analysis (include body long, tail long and sort of index of 18 skulls).the 8 index of body long, greatest long of skull, basal length of skull, palatal long, skull high, back skull high, back skull width, cheek width are chosen. Synthesize cluster analysis was applied with 42 samples of 8 index by type average method. The 42 samples are divided into 5 age sets and the wear away degree of top molar teeth is compared, the results of two kinds ways are same. Show that nature age of Citellus dauricus is more than 5 years in northern of Hebei. The method of the Citellus dauricus age assessment is basis of the age structure study. Prevention and cure on the forest rat harm. (1) 8 kinds of nonpoisonous and low poison smoke are experimented on Citellus dauricus prevention and cure in the fields. The average result is 84.52 persent. (2) Different parts of Datura stramonium and Stellera chamaejasme and 12 kinds of herb medicine were extracted with alcohol; the liquid of Citelus dauicusacetylcholinesterase is made with Citelus dauicus's brains. Effects on activity of Citelus dauicus acetylcholinesterase were measured by alcohol extraction. The result is that the alcohol of thick degrees of alcohol extraction. The result is that the alcohol of Datura stramonium flower and Stellera chamaejasme'root restrain acetylcholinesterase acyivity Citellus dauricus obviously. Aetylcholinesterase activist is strengthen by alcohol extract of lower thick degree of Stellera chamaejasme'leaves and Picrorrhiza scrothulariaeflora, Daphne genkwa, of all strength rate of Stellera chamaejasme' leaves and Picrorrhiza scrothulariaeflora, Daphne genkwa, Angelica sylvestris is most fastest.(3) According Citellus dauricus's ecology characteristic, prevention and cure, the seasons of prevention and cure synthesize control are brought up. The actual circumstance of north forest of Hebei is concerned. The integrated control ways is base on ecology measurement is brought up, so that forest rat harm i...