Integration And Demonstration Of Variety Screening And High-yield Cultuvation Of Alfalfa (Medicago Sativa L.) In Yan’an

Alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.), is a perennial leguminous plant having deep roots. It isused widely in the animal husbandry and it also has habit of artificial cultivation in Yan’anregion. The key to realize the industrialization of alfalfa is excellent variety of goodadaptation, yield, quality and stress resistance. Nevertheless at present, the stress resistanceand the yield of alfalfa is poor. And some varieties are not adapted to the local environmentbecause of blindness introduction seed that the quality is poor and the yield is low and theyare hard to overwinter and oversummer. Therefore, screen the variety of good resistance, yieldand quality and make the technical regulations of high-yield cultivation for alfalfa is theobjective requirement for animal husbandry modernization and industrialization developmentin China.The technical route of this study was “first screen varieties through experiment, thendemonstrate, last popularize”. According to the resources characteristics of the Yan’anhilly-gully loess plateau natural, the introduced varieties of alfalfa was firstly screened.Through analyzing the growth situation, yield, stem/leaf ratio, dry/fresh ratio and nutrientcontent, we found that WL-323, Golden Empress, Sandili and Phabulous are good varietiessuitable for planting in the Yan’an region.The suitable planting density was an important condition for alfalfa high yield. In thisstudy, four treatments were set to analyze the regeneration capacity, grass yield and stemnumber. Results showed that, the treatment of line spacing of30cm was the best one whichwas the suitable plant density.Rhizobium inoculation can improve the yield and quality of alfalfa. The “Jinhuanghou”variety was used as the study material and alfalfa were seed dressed with two nitragin of“Duomeng” and “Alfalfa rhizobium” to observe the number of root nodule, the growth statusand the grass yield which showed that the grass yield increased by28.8%and25.9%and alsothe number of root nodule increased.By measuring the soil fertility of two demonstration bases of Ansai and Ganquan, wemade the scheme of Reasonable formulated fertilization. The fertilizing amount in Ansai was organic fertilizer58t/hm~2, calcium superphosphate67kg/hm~2and chlorination40kg/hm~2.And only70t/hm~2organic fertilizer was needed in Ganquan. No nitrogen was needed in boththe two regions.In the end, the four varieties selected in the experiment was planted with synthesistechnique of suitable plant density, seed dressing with rhizobium, formulated fertilization, cuttimely and prevention and cure of insect pests and disease to demonstrate carrying out “thetechnical regulations of alfalfa high-yield cultivation and processing and utilization”. Itadjusts the plantation structure, improves the ecological environment and increase the ruralincome, then finally realizes the win-win of economic, social and ecological benefits.